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MCB 2010 - Exam 1_ Study Guide
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MCB 2010 - Exam 1: Study GuideAlgea - ANS-a group of mostly aquatic plantlike protists that make food by
photosynthesis, flagella
Amoebae: - ANS-type of cell or organisms with ability to alter shape, primarily by
extending and retracting pseudopods
Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek (middle 1600s): - ANS-developed a one lens microscope
which helped him identify microbials from all over (ex: in water, tooth scrapings, pepper,
sperm), Termed the word "animalcules" which accounted for his findings of tiny animals,
fungi, algae, and single-celled protozoa, his findings were submitted to the Royal
Academy of Sciences
Apicomplexans: - ANS-A type of parasitic protozoan. Some can cause serious human
disease, Schizogony (Reproduction by multiple asexual fission,) is major feature of
apicomplexan life cycles
Archea - ANS-prokaryotic, live in extreme environments, all live without oxygen and get
energy from inorganic molecules and light. most are unicellular
Aristotle (384-322 BC) - ANS-Proposed spontaneous generation; the idea that life could
arise from inanimate lifeless objects, believed snakes spontaneously generated from
pools of stagnated water and flies spontaneously generated from a recombination
process in decaying carcasses
Ascaris lumbricoides ("Ascaris", "Ascariasis") - ANS-Kingdom Animalia- Nematodes
(roundworms)
Pathology: Potential allergic reaction
Sign/Symptoms: Allergies to worms
Transmission: Consuming raw or undercooked marine fish
Intermediate host/vector: none
Location in/on Human: Intestine, esophagus, and stomach
Diagnosis:Endoscopic identification of worms in the intestine
Bacteriology - ANS-study of bacteria and archaea
Balantidium coli - ANS-Kingdom Protista- Ciliates
, Pathology: Invasion of intestinal wall? Excystation?
Sign/Symptoms:Persistent diarrhea, abdominal pain, weight loss, ulcers, dysentery
Transmission:Humans are infected by consumption of food or water contaminated with
feces containing cysts
Intermediate host/vector: none
Location in/on Human: Large intestine
Diagnosis:presence of trophozoites in stool
Biological vector: - ANS-an arthropod vector in which the disease causing organism
multiplies or develops within the arthropod prior to becoming infective for a susceptible
individual
Ex:· mosquito is both biological vector and host
Biomediation - ANS-the use of bacteria and other microorganisms to change pollutants
in soil and water into harmless chemicals
Candida albicans ("Thrush", "Vaginal yeast infection") - ANS-Kingdom Fungi-
Opportunistic pathogens
Pathology: Vaginitis, Stomatitis
Sign/Symptoms: Clusters of budding yeast and pseudohyphae, skin redness (rash),
itching, blisters, pain, burning sensation, vaginal discharge
Transmission: Candida lives on your skin, if unbalanced it can create an overproduction
of yeast and cause infection
Intermediate host/vector: none
Location in/on Human: Lives on skin, but can be found inside the body, such as mouth,
throat, gut, and vagina
Diagnosis:Visual examination of affected area, culture test, endoscopy
Carl Woese (1977) - ANS-Discovered Archaea - unusual microbes.
Compare organisms by their rRNA.
16S rRNA
Replaced 5 kingdoms with 3 domains: Eukarya, Bacteria, and Archaea
Carolus Linnaeus (1707-1778) - ANS-Father of taxonomy, developed two part system of
naming organisms (binomial nomenclature); genus and epithet, idea of 2 kingdoms:
Plantae and Animalia
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