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EOMs - 11_29
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Exam of 9 pages for the course NUR 240 EXAM 2 Practice Questions. at NUR 240 EXAM 2 Practice Questions. (EOMs - 11_29)
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EOMs - 11/29_____ ______ is an autoimmune disease that attacks Ach receptors all over the body,
including those found in ______ fibers of EOMs, leading to a loss of ________ and
pulley _______ - ANS-Myasthenia Gravis
attacks ACH receptors in tonic fibers (bc these are unique embryonic-like Ach
receptors) and thus leads to loss of FINE alignment control and pulley HETEROTOPIA
**also high twitching firing rates are ill-sustained and can affect maintenance of gaze
position
______ (high / low) threshold motor neurons become active in antagonistic directions
whereas ______ (high / low) threshold motor neurons become active in agonist
directions - ANS-LOW threshold neurons become active in antagonistic directions
HIGH threshold neurons become active in agonist diretions
_______ twitch fibers provide the greatest force for EOM movement but fatigue rapidly -
ANS-WHITE twitch fibers provide greatest force but fatigue rapidly
RED twitch fibers provide lower force amounts but are steady in their innervation (same
for tonic fibers)
________ is an X-linked systemic muscular atrophy that causes degeneration of
dystrophin muscle proteins; how does this affect EOMs and eye movements in general?
- ANS-Duchenne's Muscular Dystrophy
EOMs susbtitute "utrophin" for decaying dystrophin which allows eye movements to
appear clinically normal!! However saccades will be slower!
A _______ is defined as the range of gaze positions linearly related to a motor unit's
innervation ; what is this value range for EOMs? - ANS-MOTOR FIELD
around 20-60 degrees for EOMs
According to the "pulley anatomy", the inferior rectus and inferior oblique pulleys are
both part of _______ Ligament - ANS-IR and IO pulleys both part of LOCKWOOD'S
LIGAMENT
, According to the classical model of muscle actions and assuming the eyes are starting
in PPG, what are the action(s) of the medial rectus vs lateral rectus muscles? -
ANS-medial rectus and lateral rectus each only have PRIMARY actions
Medial rectus ==> Adduction
Lateral rectus ==> Abduction
According to the classical model of muscle actions and assuming the eyes are starting
in PPG, what are the action(s) of the super and inferior obliques? - ANS-superior
oblique ==>
-- primary is intorsion
-- secondary is depression
-- tertiary is abduction
inferior oblique ==>
-- primary is extorsion
-- secondary is elevation
-- tertiary is abduction
According to the classical model of muscle actions and assuming the eyes are starting
in PPG, what are the action(s) of the superior and inferior rectus muscles? -
ANS-superior ==>
-- primary is elevation
-- secondary is intorsion
-- tertiary is adduction
inferior ==>
-- primary is depression
-- secondary is extorsion
-- tertiary is adduction
According to the classical model, a muscle's actions (#1-3) are ordered by their relative
amount of __________ force; briefly explain - ANS-VECTOR FORCE
primary ==> strongest vector force
secondary ==> intermediate vector force
tertiary ==> weakest vector force
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