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Nurs 2400 Burns, Trauma, Surgery
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Nurs 2400 Burns, Trauma, Surgery
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Nurs 2400 Burns, Trauma, SurgeryDefine wasting syndrome in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
List several factors that might contribute to this type of malnutrition. - ANS-Involuntary
weight loss of greater than 10% of body weight in one month with the presence of
chronic diarrhea, weakness, or fever for more than 30 days in the absence of a
concurrent illness or condition. Altered nutrient intake, weight loss and body
composition changes, physical impairment, endocrine disorders, metabolic changes,
malabsorption, the presence of opportunistic infections, psychological issues, and
economic conditions.
Discuss the nutritional requirements of patients with burns ( don't need to know how to
calculate the rule of nines) - ANS-first replace their fluid and electrolytes. feeding should
be initiated as soon as the patient has been hydrated. enteral feedings should be
initiated within a day to prevent ileus, stress ulceration, and the effects of catabolism.
Discuss the nutritional side effects of these cancer treatments: chemotherapy, radiation,
bone marrow transplantation, and surgery. - ANS-Chemotherapy: nausea, vomiting,
diarrhea, inflamed mucous membranes of the mouth (mucositis), hair loss,
immunosuppression. Radiation: hair loss, mucositis, vomiting, and diarrhea. Bone
Marrow Transplantation: nausea, vomiting, mucositis. Surgery: depends on the type and
extent of the surgical resection.
Explain how to maximize food intake during times of anorexia for patients with human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and AIDS. - ANS-Substitute nutrient dense, high calorie
foods and beverages for low or no kcal foods and beverages. Milk or shakes instead of
coffee or tea, 100% fruit juice for sugar free drinks. Offer five or six meals or snacks.
fortify foods with high calorie, protein containing ingredients. Add skim milk or whey
protein powder to milk, shakes, gravies, mashed potatoes, hot cereals. Use high calorie
condiments. Add butter or margarine to hot cereals, vegetables, and starches. Modify
diet according to tolerances. Try cold or room-temperature foods, bland or salty foods;
avoid greasy and sweet foods and liquids between meals.
How does stress effect the body's protein requirements? - ANS-Reported to increase
from .8 g/kg body weight to 1-1.5 g/kg body weight during moderate stress. During
severe stress protein requirements may rise to 1.5-2 g/kg body weight.
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