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Foundations of the Restoration- Sweat Midterm 1.
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WCM CICM EXAM - based on Amares'sstudy guide
3 classes of autoimmune based disorders - ANS-- Cytotoxic (Type II) - ex: Grave's
disease
- Immune complex (Type III) - ex: SLE, RA
- Cell-mediated (Type IV) - ex: T1DM
4 types of hypersensitivity reactions - ANS-1. Immediate hypersensitivity (anaphylaxis,
IgE-mediated)
2. Cytotoxic hypersensitivity (onset w/in mins or hours, IgG/M-mediated)
3. Immune complex-mediated hypersensitivity (onset w/in 2-6 hours, IgA-mediated)
4. Delayed hypersensitivity (peaks in 24-48 hours, memory T-mediated - ex: PPD test)
5 classes of antibodies - ANS-IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD, IgE
activated B cells are called... - ANS-plasma cells
Activated T cells interact with B cells through the action of... - ANS-cytokines
Albuterol - ANS-Beta agonist (bronchodilates)
alpha-1 receptors are primarily associated with... - ANS-vasoconstriction, mydrasis,
ejaculation, and urinary retention
antibody "fragments" - ANS-Fab = antigen-binding fragment at each arm
Fc = constant fragment at the base or tail
Antigenic mimcry - ANS-foreign substances that closely resemble "self" antigens;
triggers autoimmune disease
Are cytotoxic T cells natural killer cells? Why or why not? - ANS-NO; NK cells do not
need to be activated (part of innate immunity)
Are men or women more likely to develop autoimmune conditions? - ANS-women are
2.7x more likely
, artificial acquired immunity - ANS-medically introducing antigens or pre-formed
antibodies into a person's system to boost immunity; can be "active" (body makes own
antibodies - vaccines) or "passive" (medical administration of antibodies - antivenin)
Atenolol - ANS-selective beta blocker (treats HBP, prevents angina)
Atropine - ANS-Anticholinergic muscarinic antagonist, raises HR and decreases salivary
production
B lymphocytes are responsible for... - ANS-the humoral response (production of
antibodies)
beta-2 receptors are primarily associated with what actions? - ANS-vasodilation,
bronchodilation (lungs)
CD8 vs CD4 T cells - ANS-CD8 = cytotoxic (usually viruses and cancer cells)
CD4 = helper (secretion of cytokines)
cellular components of the innate immune system - ANS-- tissue macrophages:
surround and ingest foreign agent
- monocytes: cells in blood that become macrophages in tissues
- neutrophils: WBCs that response to cytokines and migrate to infxn site to ingest/kill
invaders and cause inflam response
- natural killer cells: identify and kill abnormal/infected cells
Class I MHC vs Class II MHC - ANS-Class I: binds only with CD8+ T cells (killers)
Class II: binds only with CD4+ T cells (helpers)
Clonidine - ANS-alpha-2 agonist, "shuts off ANS," lowers HR and BP
Common cytokines - ANS-interferons, interleukins, colony-stimulating factors, and
tumor necrosis factors (TNF)
Cytokines are produced by... - ANS-activated immune cells
**resting cells do not produce cytokines
Cytotoxic T cells must be activated by... - ANS-helper Ts
**honestly not sure if this is correct but it's what's written in my notes
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