In dit document is de uitleg van de Nierstichting over hoe de nieren werken en de soorten nierschade behandelingen uitgelegd. Hierdoor beschik je snel over de basiskennis van de nieren.
Samenvatting
nierstichting
Auteur: Janneke de Vries
Datum: 12/06/2019
,Inhoudsopgave
Wat doen de nieren?.................................................................................................................................... 4
Hormonen betrokken bij de taken van de nieren......................................................................................4
Nieren verwijderen afvalstoffen uit het bloed.......................................................................................... 4
Ureum................................................................................................................................................... 4
Creatinine............................................................................................................................................. 4
De fysiologie van de nieren........................................................................................................................... 5
Nierschade.................................................................................................................................................... 5
Klachten van nierschade............................................................................................................................... 6
Bloedarmoede.......................................................................................................................................... 6
Tekort aan ijzer..................................................................................................................................... 6
Tekort aan erytropoëtine...................................................................................................................... 6
Eiwit in de urine........................................................................................................................................ 7
Schuimende urine................................................................................................................................. 7
Vochtophopingen.................................................................................................................................. 7
Verminderde weerstand....................................................................................................................... 7
Trombose.............................................................................................................................................. 7
Risico op hart- en vaatziekten............................................................................................................... 7
Hypertensie.............................................................................................................................................. 7
Huidklachten............................................................................................................................................. 7
Jeuk........................................................................................................................................................... 7
Te veel afvalstoffen............................................................................................................................... 8
Te veel fosfaat....................................................................................................................................... 8
Te weinig ijzer....................................................................................................................................... 8
Droge huid............................................................................................................................................ 8
Vochtophoping...................................................................................................................................... 8
Diabetes................................................................................................................................................ 8
Spanning en stress................................................................................................................................ 8
Medicijnen............................................................................................................................................ 8
Jicht........................................................................................................................................................... 8
Misselijkheid............................................................................................................................................. 8
Restless legs.............................................................................................................................................. 8
Seksuele problemen.................................................................................................................................. 8
, Slaapapneu............................................................................................................................................... 9
Spierkramp............................................................................................................................................... 9
Ophoping van afvalstoffen.................................................................................................................... 9
Aantasting van de zenuwen.................................................................................................................. 9
Tekort aan zouten................................................................................................................................. 9
Te veel kalium....................................................................................................................................... 9
Te hoog kaliumgehalte in het bloed.......................................................................................................... 9
Uitdroging................................................................................................................................................. 9
Zwakke botten........................................................................................................................................ 10
De behandeling van chronische nierschade................................................................................................ 10
Niertransplantatie................................................................................................................................... 10
Dialyseren............................................................................................................................................... 10
Hemodialyse....................................................................................................................................... 10
Peritoneale dialyse.............................................................................................................................. 10
Voeding en dieet bij nierschade.................................................................................................................. 10
Voeding bij beginnende chronische nierschade...................................................................................... 10
Eet minder zout................................................................................................................................... 11
Eet minder verzadigd vet.................................................................................................................... 11
Voeding bij chronische nierschade en diabetes......................................................................................11
Voeding bij ernstige nierschade.............................................................................................................. 11
Eiwitten............................................................................................................................................... 11
Kalium en fosfaat................................................................................................................................ 12
Zout..................................................................................................................................................... 12
Drinkvocht........................................................................................................................................... 12
Nierstenen.................................................................................................................................................. 13
Wat zijn nierstenen?............................................................................................................................... 13
Nierschade door nierstenen.................................................................................................................... 13
Hoe ontstaan nierstenen?....................................................................................................................... 13
Verschillende soorten nierstenen........................................................................................................... 13
Kalkhoudende nierstenen................................................................................................................... 13
Infectiestenen..................................................................................................................................... 13
Urinezuurstenen................................................................................................................................. 13
Cystinestenen...................................................................................................................................... 13
Symptomen van nierstenen.................................................................................................................... 14
Behandeling van nierstenen.................................................................................................................... 14
Gevolgen van nierstenen........................................................................................................................ 14
Nierstenen voorkomen........................................................................................................................... 14
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