Summary
Summary Concept of landform and landscape
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3.1.3.1 Coasts as natural systems
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Landform/feature = individual features, feature on the landscapeLandscape = looking at a whole area on a coastline, erosional and depositional features, how the
landforms change (has more than one feature in it)
Characteristic coastal landscapes are the combination of related landforms
Berm – ridge of shingle deposited by waves
Coastal zones
Backshore Area between high water mark (HWM) + landward limit of marine activity
Changes only take place here during storm activity
Foreshore Area between HWM + low water mark (LWM)
Most important zone for marine processes in times not influenced by storm
activity
Inshore Area between LWM + point where waves cease to have influence on land
beneath them
Offshore Area beyond point where waves cease to impact seabed
Activity limited to deposition of sediments
Nearshore Area extending seaward from HWM to area where waves begin to break
Contains: swash zone, surf zone and breaker zone
Swash zone Area where a turbulent later of water washes up beach from beach face
following breaking of a wave ending at berm edge
Surf zone Area between point where waves break (forming a foamy, bubbly surface) +
where waves them move up beach as swash in the swash zone
between beach face and trough
Breaker zone Area where waves approaching the coastline begin to break
Water depth usually 5-10m
Longshore bar to trough
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