Summary
Samenvatting Gerechtelijke geneeskunde & criminalistiek
- Course
- Institution
Samenvatting slides, lesnotities, afbeeldingen, cursus Behaalde resultaat 17/20
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
Sud3nt123
Content preview
Inhoud1 Inleiding Forensische geneeskunde ................................................................................................................ 6
1.1 De term ‘Forensische’ geneeskunde .......................................................................................................... 6
1.2 Forensische Geneeskunde als Specialiteit ................................................................................................ 6
1.3 Toepassingsgebied ................................................................................................................................... 6
1.3.1 Onderzoek van levenden ................................................................................................................. 6
1.3.2 Onderzoek van overledenen ............................................................................................................ 7
1.3.3 Varia .............................................................................................................................................. 7
1.4 Aanstelling van deskundigen in strafzaken ................................................................................................. 7
1.5 Strafzaken procedure ............................................................................................................................... 8
2 Klinische forensische geneeskunde ................................................................................................................ 9
2.1 Kindermishandeling en kinderverwaarlozing .............................................................................................. 9
2.1.1 Definiëren kindermishandeling & -verwaarlozing .............................................................................. 9
2.1.2 Accidenteel vs niet-accidenteel trauma ......................................................................................... 10
2.1.3 Vormen van ‘Child Abuse’ ............................................................................................................. 11
2.2 Fysiek geweld bij volwassenen ................................................................................................................ 14
2.2.1 Inleiding ....................................................................................................................................... 14
2.2.2 Stompgeweld ............................................................................................................................... 14
2.2.3 Mesverwondingen ........................................................................................................................ 14
2.2.4 Schotverwondingen ...................................................................................................................... 15
2.2.5 Brandwonden ............................................................................................................................... 15
2.2.6 Poging tot wurging; asfyxie ............................................................................................................ 15
2.2.7 Intoxicatie .................................................................................................................................... 15
2.2.8 Beetwonden ................................................................................................................................. 15
2.2.9 The Battered Wives ....................................................................................................................... 15
2.2.10 Ouderenmishandeling (Granny Battering) ...................................................................................... 16
2.3 Seksuele agressie .................................................................................................................................. 16
2.3.1 Wettelijke bepalingen seksuele misdrijven ..................................................................................... 16
2.3.2 Medicolegaal onderzoek ............................................................................................................... 16
2.3.3 Pathologie bij seksuele agressie .................................................................................................... 17
2.4 Gerechtelijke geneeskunde & Verkeer ..................................................................................................... 17
2.4.1 Alcohol & verkeer .......................................................................................................................... 17
2.4.2 Drugs en verkeer ........................................................................................................................... 18
2.4.3 Rijgeschiktheid ............................................................................................................................. 18
3 Tussenkomst van de arts bij een sterfgeval.................................................................................................... 19
3.1 Vaststelling & aangifte van overlijden ...................................................................................................... 19
3.2 Gerechtelijk geneeskundig bezwaar tegen begrafenis of crematie ............................................................. 20
3.2.1 Geen gerechtelijk geneeskundig bezwaar ....................................................................................... 20
3.2.2 Wel gerechtelijk geneeskundig bezwaar ......................................................................................... 20
3.2.3 Bijzondere situaties ...................................................................................................................... 20
1
, 3.3 Schematisch overzicht ........................................................................................................................... 21
4 Forensisch postmortem onderzoek (De politionele lijkschouw) ..................................................................... 22
4.1 Inleiding ................................................................................................................................................ 22
4.1.1 Medicolegale begrippen ................................................................................................................ 22
4.2 Onderzoek op de plaats delict ................................................................................................................ 23
4.2.1 Uitwisselingsprincipe van Locard .................................................................................................. 23
4.2.2 Spoorbeveiliging en Spooronderzoek ............................................................................................. 23
4.3 Mortuarium: de forensische autopsie ...................................................................................................... 24
4.3.1 Medische Beeldvorming ................................................................................................................ 24
4.3.2 Inwendige Schouwing ................................................................................................................... 24
4.3.3 Microscopisch Onderzoek ............................................................................................................. 24
4.4 Nabestaanden en Lijktooi – Vrijgave lichaam ........................................................................................... 24
4.4.1 Nabestaanden.............................................................................................................................. 24
4.4.2 Lijktooi (Postmortale Verzorging).................................................................................................... 24
4.4.3 Deskundig Verslag ........................................................................................................................ 24
5 Postmortem identificatie ............................................................................................................................. 25
5.1 Inleiding ................................................................................................................................................ 25
5.1.1 Wie is de overledene? Belang van correcte identificatie! ................................................................. 25
5.1.2 Methodes en Uitdagingen.............................................................................................................. 25
5.2 Basisprincipes van postmortale identificatie ........................................................................................... 25
5.2.1 Reconstructieve Methode ............................................................................................................. 25
5.2.2 Vergelijkende Methode .................................................................................................................. 26
5.3 Elementen om tot identificatie te komen ................................................................................................. 26
5.3.1 Kledij en Voorwerpen .................................................................................................................... 26
5.3.2 Algemene Lichaamskenmerken ..................................................................................................... 26
5.3.3 Specifieke lichaamskenmerken ..................................................................................................... 26
5.4 Primaire Identificatie .............................................................................................................................. 26
5.4.1 Dactyloscopie (Vingerafdrukken) ................................................................................................... 26
5.4.2 Forensische Odontologie (Gebitsonderzoek) .................................................................................. 26
5.4.3 DNA-Onderzoek ........................................................................................................................... 26
5.5 Gegevensverzameling en Samenwerking ................................................................................................. 27
5.5.1 Specifieke Kenmerken .................................................................................................................. 27
5.5.2 Wetenschappelijke Methode van Identificatie ................................................................................ 27
6 Thanatologie ............................................................................................................................................... 28
6.1 Wat is Thanatologie? .............................................................................................................................. 28
6.1.1 Begrippen Gerelateerd aan de Dood .............................................................................................. 28
6.1.2 Van Leven tot Dood ....................................................................................................................... 28
6.2 Tekenen van de dood .............................................................................................................................. 29
6.2.1 Tekenen Onmiddellijk na de Dood .................................................................................................. 29
6.2.2 Situaties buiten het ziekenhuis (Extra Muros) .................................................................................. 29
6.2.3 Situaties binnen het ziekenhuis (Intra Muros) ................................................................................. 30
2
, 6.3 Vroegtijdige postmortale veranderingen .................................................................................................. 30
6.3.1 Algor mortis (Daling lichaamstemperatuur) .................................................................................... 30
6.3.2 Livores - Postmortem hypostase .................................................................................................... 31
6.3.3 Rigor mortis (Lijkstijfheid) .............................................................................................................. 31
6.3.4 Uitdroging van het lijk .................................................................................................................... 32
6.4 Laattijdige Postmortale Veranderingen .................................................................................................... 32
6.4.1 Putrefactie (ontbinding door rotting) .............................................................................................. 32
6.4.2 Mummificatie ............................................................................................................................... 33
6.4.3 Adipocirevorming (“Fettwachsbildung”, “zeeplijk”) ......................................................................... 33
6.5 Postmortem interval (PMI) ...................................................................................................................... 33
6.5.1 Lijkvlekken ................................................................................................................................... 33
6.5.2 Lijkstijfheid (Rigor Mortis) .............................................................................................................. 34
6.5.3 Wetenschappelijke Methode ......................................................................................................... 34
6.5.4 Ontbinding ................................................................................................................................... 34
6.5.5 Forensische Entomologie .............................................................................................................. 34
6.5.6 Belang van Contextuele Informatie ................................................................................................ 34
6.6 Postmortale mutilatie ............................................................................................................................. 35
6.6.1 Accidentele Postmortale Kwetsuren .............................................................................................. 35
6.6.2 Intentionele Postmortale Kwetsuren .............................................................................................. 35
6.6.3 Postmortale Dierenvraat ............................................................................................................... 35
6.6.4 Herkenning van Postmortale Kwetsuren ......................................................................................... 35
7 Thanato-etiologie ........................................................................................................................................ 36
7.1 Asfyxie .................................................................................................................................................. 36
7.1.1 Inleiding ....................................................................................................................................... 36
7.1.2 Mechanische Asfyxie .................................................................................................................... 37
7.1.3 Suffocatie (Verstikking) ................................................................................................................. 38
7.1.4 Smoring ....................................................................................................................................... 38
7.1.5 Obstructie van interne luchtwegen ................................................................................................ 39
7.1.6 Wurging........................................................................................................................................ 40
7.1.7 Strangulatie door een ligatuur........................................................................................................ 41
7.1.8 Ophanging ................................................................................................................................... 41
7.1.9 Dooddrukking ............................................................................................................................... 42
7.1.10 Verdrinking - Waterlijk .................................................................................................................. 42
7.1.11 Inademen van toxische gassen ...................................................................................................... 44
7.2 Dodelijke verwondingen ......................................................................................................................... 45
7.2.1 Steek- & Snijwonden ..................................................................................................................... 45
7.2.2 Verwondingen veroorzaakt door stomp geweld ............................................................................... 48
7.2.3 Schotwonden ............................................................................................................................... 52
7.3 Fysische agentia .................................................................................................................................... 56
7.3.1 Elektrocutie .................................................................................................................................. 56
7.3.2 Hitte ............................................................................................................................................ 57
3
, 7.3.3 Koude - Hypothermie .................................................................................................................... 58
7.4 Dodelijke intoxicaties ............................................................................................................................. 60
7.4.1 Definitie & geschiedenis ................................................................................................................ 60
7.4.2 Inleidende begrippen .................................................................................................................... 60
7.4.3 Verschillende soorten van stoffen .................................................................................................. 60
7.4.4 Kinetiek: hoe komt men tot intoxicatie ........................................................................................... 60
7.4.5 Scene of death ............................................................................................................................. 61
7.4.6 Lijkbevindingen ............................................................................................................................ 61
7.4.7 Richtlijnen postmortem stalen voor analytisch toxicologisch onderzoek .......................................... 62
7.4.8 Toxicologische postmortem analyse & interpretatie ....................................................................... 62
7.5 Plotselinge en onverwachte natuurlijke dood ........................................................................................... 63
7.5.1 Inleiding ....................................................................................................................................... 63
7.5.2 Niet-natuurlijke oorzaken van onverwacht overlijden ...................................................................... 63
7.5.3 Plotseling en onverwacht natuurlijk overlijden ................................................................................ 63
7.5.4 Plotseling overlijden bij kinderen ................................................................................................... 64
8 Criminalistiek.............................................................................................................................................. 65
8.1 Inleiding medische criminalistiek ............................................................................................................ 65
8.1.1 Sporenonderzoek ......................................................................................................................... 65
8.1.2 Sporen als bewijs ......................................................................................................................... 65
8.1.3 Grondslagen van Sporenonderzoek ............................................................................................... 66
8.1.4 Algemene principes in verband met sporenonderzoek .................................................................... 66
8.2 Onderzoek naar sperma ......................................................................................................................... 70
8.2.1 Belangrijke vragen bij onderzoek naar seksuele misdrijven .............................................................. 70
8.2.2 Criminalistisch Belang van Sperma ............................................................................................... 70
8.2.3 Anatomische structuren en samenstelling van zaadvocht ............................................................... 71
8.2.4 Aantonen van sperma: Methoden & tijdsduur ................................................................................. 72
8.3 Sporenonderzoek op de plaats delict ...................................................................................................... 73
8.3.1 Werking van Crime Scene Investigation .......................................................................................... 73
8.3.2 Dienstenaanbod ........................................................................................................................... 73
8.3.3 Inzet CSI in de praktijk - Types opdrachten...................................................................................... 73
8.3.4 Afstapping, definitie, schema en aspecten ..................................................................................... 74
8.3.5 Uitdaging: authenticiteit/integriteit fysische bewijsmateriaal .......................................................... 75
8.3.6 Basisprincipes en inrichting .......................................................................................................... 76
8.3.7 Kernfuncties bij plaats delict onderzoek ......................................................................................... 76
8.3.8 Crime scene safety ....................................................................................................................... 77
8.4 Dactyloscopie ....................................................................................................................................... 78
8.4.1 Inleiding ....................................................................................................................................... 78
8.4.2 Grondslagen dactyloscopie........................................................................................................... 78
8.4.3 Dactyloscopie in België ................................................................................................................. 79
8.4.4 Administratieve dactyloscopie ...................................................................................................... 80
8.4.5 Praktische dactyloscopie .............................................................................................................. 80
4
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Sud3nt123. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $7.68. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
67474 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now