Exam (elaborations)
IBHRE CEPS 2018 EXAM – QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
- Course
- Institution
IBHRE CEPS 2018 EXAM – QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
Victorious23
Reviews received
Content preview
IBHRE CEPS 2018 EXAM – QUESTIONSAND ANSWERS
Class 1 Anti-Arrhythmic Mechanism - -Sodium (Na) Channel Blockers
-Class II Anti-Arrhythmic Mechanism - -Beta Blockers
-Class III Anti-Arrhythmic Mechanism - -Potassium (K) Channel Blockers
-Class IV Anti-Arrhythmic Mechanism - -L-Type Calcium (Ca) Channel
Blocker
-Class Ia drugs - --Quinidine (rarely used)
-Procainamide
-Disopyramide.
Na Channel blockers that raise APD
-Class Ib drugs - --Lidocaine
-Mexiletine
-Phenytoin
Na Channel blockers that slightly lower APD
-Class Ic drugs - --Propafenone
-Flecainide
Na Channel blockers that don't change APD
-Class II Drugs - --Propranolol
-Atenolol
-Esmolol
-Metoprolol
Beta-Blockers. (β-blockers)
-Class III Drugs - --Amiodarone
-Dronedarone
-Sotalol
-Ibutilide
-Bretylium
Prolong APD (K Channel Blocker)
, -Class IV Drugs - --Verapamil
-Diltiazem
L-Type Ca Channel Blockers
-Phase 0 AP - --Depolarization
-Rapid Na+ Channels are stimulated to open, flooding the cell with positive
sodium ions.
-Depolarizatoin of one cell triggers the Na+ channels in surrounding cells to
open causing wave of propogation.
-Phase 1 AP - --Initial Stage of Repolarization
-Inactivation of the fast Na+ Channels
-Phase 2 AP - --Plateau Phase
-Sustained by a balance between inward movement of Ca2+ through L-type
calcium channels (opened in response to depolarization) and outward
movement of K+ through the slow K+ channel.
-Reduced potassium ion permeability
-Phase 3 AP - --Rapid Repolarization Phase
-Ca2+ channels close
-Slow K+ remains open
-Ionic pumps restore ion concentrations back to balanced states of pre-AP
-Phase 4 AP - --Resting Membrane Potential
-Alpha Adrenergic Receptor site effect - -Vasoconstriction
-Beta-1 Adrenergic Receptor site effect - -Cardiac Stimulation
We have 1 heart, 2 lungs.
-Beta-2 Adrenergic Receptor site effect - -Lung Broncho-dilation
We have 1 heart, 2 lungs.
-Cholinergic receptor effect - -Cardiac Depression
-Sympathetic Nervous System - -
-Unit for Frequency - -Hertz Hz - Cycles / S
-Unit for Force (Exertion) - -Newton N - Kg * M/s^2
-Unit for Energy - -Joule J - Kg * M^2/S^2
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Victorious23. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $8.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
72799 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now