Exam (elaborations)
AGACNP- Endocrine
- Course
- Institution
Exam of 7 pages for the course Accounting 405 at Accounting 405 (AGACNP- Endocrine)
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
denicetho
Content preview
AGACNP- EndocrineType I DM pathology - ANS-strongly associated with the presence of human leukocyte
antigens (HLA), islet cell antibodies found in 90% of pts, Ketone development usually
occurs, believed to be the result of environmental/infectious insult to pancreatic B cells
in a genetically predisposed person
Type II DM oathology - ANS-circulating insulin exists enough to prevent ketoacidosis,
caused either by tissue insensitivity to insulin or an insulin secretory defect, assoc w/
met syndorme & obesity
Metabolic syndrome - ANS-Any 3 of the following: waist circumference >40" M, >35" W,
BP >130/85, triglycerides >150, FBG >100, HDL <40 M, <50 W
Type I DM sx - ANS-polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, wt loss, nocturnal enuresis,
weakness, fatigue
Type II DM sx - ANS-insidious onset of >BG, asymptomatic at first, polyuria, polydipsia,
recurrent vaginitis, peripheral neuropathies, blurred vision, chronic skin infections,
pruritis
Type I DM labs/dx - ANS-random BG >200 with polyuria, polydipsia and wt loss
serum fasting (8 hr) BG >126 x 2
ketonemia, ketonuria, or both
BUN/Cr elevated (dehydration)
OGTT >200 2 hrs post prandial
Hgb A1C >5.7%
Hgb A1C - ANS-gives indication of BG over last 2-3 mo, normal 5-5.7%
Impaired glucose tolerance - ANS-FBG >100 and<125
Type I DM mgmt - ANS-if presening w/ ketones, start insulin, begin w/ 0.5u/kg/day, give
2/3 in am, 1/3 pm, or 2/3 NPH, 1/3 regular am, 1/2 NPH 1/2 reg pm
baseline studies for new DM dx - ANS-obesity, cardiac risk factors, cholesterol, EKG,
renal studies, baseline exam doc pulses, neuro function, eye exam, foot exam
Dietary teaching w/ DM - ANS-carbs 55-60%
, fats 20-30%
protein 10-20%
fiber 25g/1000 calories
Type II DM mgmt - ANS-begin with weight control, diet, exercise, oral meds, then insulin
Sulfonyureas - ANS-Glipizide, Glyburide, Glimepiride, most widely used, stimulate the
pancreas to release more insulin
Classes of oral diabetic medication - ANS-sulfonyureas, biguanides, alpha-glucosidase
inhibitors, thiazolidinediones, non-sulfonyurea insulin release stimulators
which DM medication stimulates the pancreas to release more insulin? -
ANS-sulfonyureas (Gs)
Biguanides - ANS-increase insulin sensitivity
Metformin- adjunct to sulfonyureas or alone, esp for obese pts, lactic acidosis potential
side effect, muscle pain
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors - ANS-Bins to disaccharidases more readily than sucrose,
less glucose absorbed by gut
Acarbose, Miglitol
Thiazolidinediones - ANS-"glitazones", decrease gluconeogenesis
Non-sulfonyurea insulin release stimulators - ANS-rapidly absorbed from intestine,
mimics the effect of rapidly acting insulin
Repaglinide
Nateglinide
Exentide - ANS-injectable that mimics effects of incretins (signals pancreas to increase
insulin secretion and liver to stop producing glucagon), may cause n/v/d
Sitagliptan - ANS-Januvia
DD-4 inhibito, DD-r breaks down incretins
Pramlintide - ANS-Symlin- injectible, resembles human amylin, slows absorption of
glucose and inhibits the action of glucagons; promotes wt loss white <BG
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller denicetho. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $9.35. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
62890 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now