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STS_ Exam 1
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Exam of 13 pages for the course CSB337 Exam Revision at CSB337 Exam Revision (STS_ Exam 1)
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STS: Exam 1technology - ANS-artifacts, machines, or other systematic processes for making or
doing things
techne - ANS-an ancient greek word meaning art or skill, this composes one aspect of
the root of 'technology'
useful arts - ANS-this was a precursor to the term technology, and described
manufacturing and creation of things to benefit life/the world
technological determinism - ANS-the idea that technology acs autonomously to cause
social change or produce predictable social effects; it is connected with the idea of
discovering the 'one best way'
social determination of technology - ANS-this says technology is an integral part of
society that develops in response to specific social needs
technopolitics - ANS-the use of technological artifacts as lenses through which to view
broader historical questions and understand how the process of shaping technology can
also be the process of shaping politics, society, and culture
black box - ANS-?? ties in to understanding the design of reactors and why they were
built the way they were
Thorstein Veblen - ANS-?? founder of conspicuous consumption/leisure but idk how
that's relevant
stirrup - ANS-this is an example of technological determinism, and it is suggested that
this explains feudalism because it allowed for more effective armies against larger
standing groups I.e. peasants but also increased need of money to fund knights so led
to establishment of feudal system
railroad - ANS-this is an example of a technological prediction which didn't necessarily
enact the change that was expected; was intended to bring harmony and equal
opportunity but realistically privileges those nearer to railway/railway station, privileges
places things move to, producers of easily moveable products, etc. etc.
, factory/industrialization - ANS-this is an example of social determination of technology,
and when comparing the development of this artifact in the US and Russia, we see that
social situations were very impactful regarding the speed of implementation (fewer
people and more capital in US = sooner)
reactor - ANS-this technology is an example of something that was heavily influenced
by political agendas in its adoption and design
CEA and EDG - ANS-one of these was optimized for weapons-grade fuel production,
the other for energy production, and their designs were subsequently quite different; this
demonstrates the impact politics can have on technology
SCOT (Social Construction of Technology) - ANS-this describes how the success of
technologies is not always obvious from the start, and is instead partially constructed by
social influences which impact not only how technologies are used but also how they
are viewed
interpretative flexibility - ANS-this describes when users find different purposes for
technologies, or rebuild them in ways not intended by designers
user innovation - ANS-this describes when users of a given technology use it in a way
not necessarily intended by the manufacturer, I.e. for different purposes (like the
automobile)
sociotechnical system - ANS-a system that includes material artifacts, human skills, and
social practices defined by social norms within an organizational pattern to obtain or
address a goal or objective; these embody social/political power
technological momentum - ANS-this describes how technological developments can
follow certain paths, and it can be difficult for them to shift course
infrastructural inertia - ANS-this describes how the various systems and infrastructures
in place can affect the adoption speed of new technologies; connected to technological
momentum
users - ANS-?? not sure what definition this really requires, people who use a given
technology
telegraph - ANS-this is an example of a technology whose success was not apparent;
initially, it was not seen to have a significant purpose, and systems had to be created
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