Summary

Samenvatting - verlichting

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Course
Verlichting (BTMZ15742)

Institution
Thomas More Hogeschool (tmhs)

In het OPO Verlichting worden volgende leerdoelen afgetoetst: - Je berekent de verlichting van een lokaal met de lumenmethode. - Je berekent de verlichting van een lokaal met de puntmethode. - Je somt de technische specificaties van de lampen op. - Je kiest een lamp met armatuur dat geschikt ...

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Uploaded on June 4, 2024
Number of pages 48
Written in 2023/2024
Type Summary

lichtontwerp
fluorescentielampen
led
luminantie
fotostraling
lichtstroom
visueel rendement
specifieke lichtstroom
candela
kleurweergave
kleurtemperatuur
lichteffect
spectrale ooggevoeligheidsfactor
ge

Institution
Thomas More Hogeschool (tmhs)
Education
Energietechnologie
Course
Verlichting (BTMZ15742)

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Warre Pieters
SAMENVATTING VERLICHTING

Inhoudstabel

Inhoudstabel ...................................................................................................................... 1
Hoofdstuk 1 Algemene studie van het licht ......................................................................... 4
1.1 Het licht als elektromagne3sche straling ......................................................................... 4
1.2 Fotometrische grootheden, eenheden en symbolen........................................................ 5
1.2.1 Lichtstroom...................................................................................................................................... 5
1.2.2 Visueel rendement .......................................................................................................................... 6
1.2.3 Speciﬁeke lichtstroom ..................................................................................................................... 6
1.2.4 Verlich?ngssterkte E in lux (lx)......................................................................................................... 6
1.2.5 Lichtsterkte I in candela (cd) ............................................................................................................ 6
1.2.6 Luminan?e L in candela per m2 (cd/m2) .......................................................................................... 6
1.2.7 Kleurweergave ................................................................................................................................. 6
1.2.8 Kleurweergave-index Ra .................................................................................................................. 7
1.2.9 Kleurtemperatuur ............................................................................................................................ 7
1.3 Kenmerken van het oog .................................................................................................. 7
1.3.1 Aanpassen van het oog aan luminan?es ......................................................................................... 7
1.3.2 De spectrale ooggevoeligheidsfactor .................................................................................................... 7
1.3.2 Het lichteﬀect .................................................................................................................................. 7
1.3.4 Gezichtsveld en blikveld........................................................................................................................ 8
1.3.5 Accommoda?e ...................................................................................................................................... 8
1.3.6 contrastgevoeligheid............................................................................................................................. 8
1.3.7 Gezichtsscherpte................................................................................................................................... 8
1.3.8 Verblinding ............................................................................................................................................ 8
1.3.9 Wet van Talibot ..................................................................................................................................... 8
1.4 WeAen ............................................................................................................................ 9
1.4.1 Vierkantswet ......................................................................................................................................... 9
1.4.2 Cosinuswet van de invalshoek .............................................................................................................. 9
1.4.3 Cosinus- en vierkantswet ...................................................................................................................... 9
1.4.4 Derdemachtscosinus wet van de invalshoek ........................................................................................ 9
1.5 Begrippen en verschijnselen............................................................................................ 9
1.5.1 Reﬂec?e ........................................................................................................................................... 9
1.5.2 Reﬂec?efactor ............................................................................................................................... 10
1.5.3 Neutrale reﬂec?e........................................................................................................................... 10
1.5.4 Selec?eve reﬂec?e ........................................................................................................................ 10
1.5.5 Reﬂec?evormen ............................................................................................................................ 10
1.5.6 Gelijkma?gheid.............................................................................................................................. 10
1.5.7 Verblinding .................................................................................................................................... 10
1.5.8 Deprecia?efactor ........................................................................................................................... 10
1.5.9 Schaduweﬀect ............................................................................................................................... 11
1.5.10 Kleur.......................................................................................................................................... 11
Hoofdstuk 2 kleur ............................................................................................................. 11
2.1 Waarneming ................................................................................................................. 11
2.2 Hoe komen we tot een kleurwaarneming? .................................................................... 11
2.3 Het kleurenspectrum .................................................................................................... 11
2.4 Verschillende manieren dat we kleuren zien ................................................................. 11

1

, Warre Pieters
SAMENVATTING VERLICHTING

2.5 Kleurverschillen ................................................................................................................... 11
2.6 Kleur meten .................................................................................................................. 12
2.7 Kleuren mengen............................................................................................................ 12
2.8 Complementaire kleuren .............................................................................................. 13
2.9 Kleurenscheiding .......................................................................................................... 13
2.10 CIE 1931 kleuren-diagram ............................................................................................. 14
Hoofdstuk 3 lichtberekeningen ......................................................................................... 15
3.1 De lumenmethode ........................................................................................................ 15
3.1.1 Voorwaarden ................................................................................................................................. 15
3.1.2 Principe.......................................................................................................................................... 15
3.1.3 Begrippen ...................................................................................................................................... 16
3.1.4 Werkwijze ...................................................................................................................................... 18
3.2 De puntmethode........................................................................................................... 19
3.2.1 Voorwaarden ................................................................................................................................. 19
3.2.2 Principe.......................................................................................................................................... 19
3.2.3 Lichtsterkte-diagram van een puntvormige lichtbron ................................................................... 20

Hfdst 4 Verlich?ngsbronnen ............................................................................................. 22
4.1 Fysische verklaring van de lichtopwekking .................................................................... 22
4.1.1 Omze_ng van energie in stralingsenergie .................................................................................... 22
4.1.2 Gloeidraadlampen ......................................................................................................................... 22
4.1.3 Gasontladingslampen .................................................................................................................... 23
4.1.4 LEDs – elektrostraling .................................................................................................................... 27
4.1.5 Fotostraling .................................................................................................................................... 28
4.2 Lampen ......................................................................................................................... 28
4.2.1 overzicht ............................................................................................................................................. 28
4.2.2 gloeilampen ........................................................................................................................................ 28
4.2.3 Halogeenlampen ........................................................................................................................... 29
4.2.4 Compacte ﬂuorescen?elampen + uitz. .......................................................................................... 30
4.2.5 TL ................................................................................................................................................... 30
4.2.6 Menglichtlampen .......................................................................................................................... 31
4.2.7 Gewone kwikdamplampen ............................................................................................................ 32
4.2.8 Metaalhalogeniden met kwartsbrander ........................................................................................ 32
4.2.9 Metaalhalogeniden met keramische brander ............................................................................... 33
4.2.10 Natrium lage druk lampen (SOX) .............................................................................................. 33
4.2.11 Natrium hoge druk lampen (SON) ............................................................................................ 34
4.2.12 LED-dossier = afzonderlijk bestand ........................................................................................... 34
4.3 Levensduur van lampen ................................................................................................ 35
4.3.1 Gemiddelde levensduur – wiskundig berekenen ................................................................................ 35
4.3.2 Gemiddelde levensduur ...................................................................................................................... 35
4.3.3 Nu_ge levensduur ........................................................................................................................ 35
4.3.4 Mediane levensduur ...................................................................................................................... 35
4.3.5 Nu_ge mediane levensduur van een set lampen ......................................................................... 35
4.3.6 Service-levensduur ........................................................................................................................ 35
4.3.7 Economische levensduur ............................................................................................................... 35
4.4 Voorschakelapparaten .................................................................................................. 35
4.4.1 Voorschakelaar voor een TL ................................................................................................................ 35
4.4.2 Voorschakelapparaat voor HID lampen .............................................................................................. 36
4.4.3 Elektronisch voorschakelapparaat ...................................................................................................... 36

2

, Warre Pieters
SAMENVATTING VERLICHTING

4.4.4 Elektronisch voorschakelapparaat voor HID-lampen .......................................................................... 36
4.5 Op3ek ........................................................................................................................... 37
4.5.1 De reﬂector ......................................................................................................................................... 37
4.5.2 De dwarsschoten ................................................................................................................................ 38
4.5.3 De diﬀusor ..................................................................................................................................... 38
4.5.4 Het lichtrendement ....................................................................................................................... 38
4.5.5 Het polair diagram ......................................................................................................................... 38
4.6 Armaturen .................................................................................................................... 39
Hoofdstuk 6 Een nieuwe norm voor werkplekverlich?ng ................................................... 40
6.1 Inleiding .............................................................................................................................. 40
6.2 waarop heeV ne nieuwe norm betrekking? ......................................................................... 40
6.2.1 De verlich?ng van taakgebieden ......................................................................................................... 40
6.2.2 Verlich?ng van belangrijke ruimtevlakken .......................................................................................... 40
6.2.3 Verlich?ng van de binnenruimte......................................................................................................... 40
6.2.4 rekenraster en meetraster .................................................................................................................. 40
6.2.5 Verblinding .......................................................................................................................................... 40
6.3 Voor welke taakgebieden geldt de norm? ............................................................................ 40
6.4 Prak3jkverlich3ngssterkte ................................................................................................... 41
6.4.1 Verlich?ng voor indoor werkplekken – Lichferugvalfactor ................................................................ 41
6.4.2 Lichferugval ....................................................................................................................................... 41
6.4.3 Flexibiliteit ..................................................................................................................................... 42
6.5 Het taakgebied.............................................................................................................. 43
6.5.1 Kantoorruimte met gedeﬁnieerd taakgebied ..................................................................................... 43
6.5.2 kantoorruimte zonder gedeﬁnieerd taakgebied ................................................................................. 43
6.6 Belangrijke ruimtevlakken (nieuw 2011) ....................................................................... 44
6.7 Reﬂec3efactoren........................................................................................................... 44
6.8 Binnenruimte ................................................................................................................ 44
6.9 Verblinding .......................................................................................................................... 44
6.10 UGR-waarde voor onbehaaglijke verblinding ................................................................ 45
6.11 Voorbeeld van een UGR-Tabel ....................................................................................... 46
6.11.1 Voorbeeld ......................................................................................................................................... 46
6.11.2 De URG-kwaliteitsschaal ................................................................................................................... 47
6.11.3 UGRL .................................................................................................................................................. 47
6.11.4 Beperkingen van het UGR-systeem .................................................................................................. 47
6.12 Helderheid van armaturen en lampen ............................................................................... 47
6.13 Gereﬂecteerde verblinding in beeldschermen ............................................................... 47
6.14 Rekenraster en meetraster ............................................................................................ 48
6.15 Kleurweergave-index Ra ..................................................................................................... 48
6.16 Energiezuinige verlich3ng .................................................................................................. 48

3

, Warre Pieters
SAMENVATTING VERLICHTING

Verlichting Samenvatting
Hoofdstuk 1 Algemene studie van het licht
1.1 Het licht als elektromagne3sche straling

§ Verband tussen golfsnelheid, golﬂengte en frequenEe:

𝑣 =𝜆∙𝑓
v: golfsnelheid [m/s]
𝜆: golﬂengte [m]
𝑓: frequenEe [Hz]

§ Zichtbare straling = kleine band uit elektromagneEsch spectrum (tussen 380 en 760 nm)

§ Twee soorten spectrale verdelingen binnen band van zichtbare straling:
1. ConEnue spectra: conEnue funcEe van de golﬂengten:

2. DisconEnue spectra: energie v/d straling is geconcentreerd op welbepaalde
golﬂengten

§ Wit licht hee\ een conEnu spectrum van alle zichtbare golﬂengtes, en bestaat dus uit alle
kleuren

§ MonochromaEsche straling is licht dat bestaat uit 1 golﬂengte en dus ook 1 kleur:

4

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