Class notes
Affective Disorders (Neuroscience & Behaviour) With extra reading
- Course
- Institution
Lecture notes for Affective Disorders lecture from Neuroscience & Behaviour Module (C82NAB) First class With extra reading
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
zoemoon
Reviews received
Content preview
Affective DisordersDepression
Widespread– 1 in 10 people
All people are vulnerable
20% develop chronic depression
Stigma – embarrassing, avoiding lack of sympathy, so figures are probably higher than reported
4 sets of symptoms
- Mood/emotional
- Thought/ cognitive – disorganised thoughts
- Motivational
- Somatic /physical – disturbed sleep, aches and pains.
Unipolar – dysthymia ( depressive personality), mixed depression and anxiety, single/numerous
depressive episodes.
Bipolar – cyclothymia – persistent instability of mood – instable. Manic episodes, similar to SZ?
Famous artists, bipolar disorder linked to creativity – higher rates of all mood disorders in
artists, poets.
Age of onset – increase in cumulative frequency rates 1905 – 1955
Genetics – MZ twins higher concordance rates than DZ twins
- Higher for bipolar
- Not 100% - so interaction of environment.
Treatment-
Lithium – treatment for manic episode – time between episodes greater on lithium (9 years
compared to one year for placebo)
Carbamazepine also used but less effective
Noradrenalin, Serotonin ( raphe nuclei- project to lots of brain region. 5HT system critically
involved in anxiety, sleep etc, aggression – so can caused symptoms of unipolar depression)
Anti-depressants work on reuptake of noradrenalin, serotonin.
Current pharmacology – serotonin reuptake inhibitors - fluoxetine (Prozac), sertraline.
- But difficulty coming off the drugs
Electric shocks used in the past, quite effective.
MAOI – interact with lots of food – can’t eat wheat/cheese.
5HT2 receptor linked to anxiety, sleep
Monoamine theory of Depression – due to depletion of monamines NA, 5HT, DA
- Antidepressants act through these
- But too simplistic
- Anti-depressants have a delayed effect – but they should rebalance monoamine
immediately – so why don’t symptoms go away immediately?
Noradrenalin – catecholamines
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller zoemoon. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $3.91. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
64438 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now