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Samenvatting Onderzoekscyclus
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OnderzoekscylcusZita Basteleus
Onderzoekscyclus
1ste bachelor pedagogie van het jonge
kind
2024
,Onderzoekscyclus
Samenvatting
L1: INTRODUCTIE ONDERZOEKSCYCLUS ....................................................................... 4
Waarom onderzoek? ..................................................................................................................... 4
Belang van goed onderzoek ........................................................................................................... 4
Misbruik in onderzoek ................................................................................................................... 5
Het Prison Stanford experiment ................................................................................................... 5
Klopt dat wel…?...................................................................................................................... 6
Onze pedagogisch coach is… ........................................................................................................ 6
Onderzoekscyclus als kader ........................................................................................................ 6
Wetenschappelijk vs. Niet wetenschappelijk ................................................................................. 7
Wat dan met intuïtieve kennis & ervaring? .................................................................................. 7
Fundamenteel of praktijkgericht onderzoek ................................................................................... 7
Empirische cyclus .................................................................................................................. 7
Regulatieve cyclus .................................................................................................................. 8
Doel van dit vak ............................................................................................................................ 8
L2: VERWONDERING & PROBLEEMSTELLING ............................................................... 9
Kwalitatief & kwantitatief .............................................................................................................. 9
Menselijke denkfouten en onderzoek ............................................................................................ 9
Onderzoekscyclus als kader ......................................................................................................... 9
Probleemstelling ......................................................................................................................... 10
Tips: 5W & H ............................................................................................................................. 10
Onderzoeksvraag ......................................................................................................................... 10
Criteria goede onderzoeksvraag: 8 criteria .................................................................................... 10
Nood aan een specifieke onderzoeksvraag ................................................................................... 11
L3: OPSTELLEN VAN PROBLEEMSTELLING & WETENSCHAPPELIJKE
LITERATUUR OPZOEKEN ................................................................................................... 12
De probleemstelling .................................................................................................................... 12
Betrouwbaarheid....................................................................................................................... 12
Validiteit................................................................................................................................... 12
Wat betreft de begrippen ........................................................................................................ 13
Probleemstelling ....................................................................................................................... 13
De onderzoeksvraag .................................................................................................................. 13
Onderzoeksvraag: hoofdvragen en deelvragen........................................................................... 13
Soorten onderzoeksvragen...................................................................................................... 14
Bepalen van goede wetenschappelijke bronnen ............................................................................ 14
Je onderzoeksvraag geeft richting ................................................................................................ 14
Onderzoeksvragen als leidraad voor de literatuurstudie ................................................................. 14
1
,Onderzoekscyclus
Literatuurstudie ........................................................................................................................ 15
Waar zoeken?........................................................................................................................ 15
Wetenschappelijke bruikbaarheid van literatuur nagaan ................................................................ 15
Wat is een goed artikel? .......................................................................................................... 16
Wetenschappelijk: feitelijke criteria ......................................................................................... 16
Wetenschappelijk: inhoudelijke criteria .................................................................................... 16
L4: OPSTELLEN LITERATUURSTUDIE ............................................................................. 18
Wetenschappelijk schrijven ......................................................................................................... 18
Enkele sleutelwoorden............................................................................................................... 18
Taalgebruik: enkele tips .............................................................................................................. 18
Interessante verbindingswoorden ............................................................................................ 19
Structuur: enkele tips ................................................................................................................ 19
Opbouwen van je synthese artikel............................................................................................ 19
Inhoud: enkele tips .................................................................................................................... 19
Hoe refereren naar je artikelen? ................................................................................................... 20
Gebruiken van de inhoud van artikelen: do's & don'ts..................................................................... 20
Refereren naar gevoerd onderzoek .............................................................................................. 20
APA: duidelijke bibliografie ......................................................................................................... 20
In tekst refereren: verschillende stijlen ..................................................................................... 21
Samenstellen referentielijst ........................................................................................................ 21
In referentielijst ..................................................................................................................... 22
Enkele regels referentielijst ..................................................................................................... 22
Van literatuurlijst naar in tekst referentie................................................................................... 22
L5: ONDERZOEKSMETHODOLOGIE & DATAVERZAMELINGSTECHNIEKEN ......... 23
Onderzoekscyclus als kader ........................................................................................................ 23
Onderzoeksmethodologie ............................................................................................................ 23
Methodologie 1: literatuuronderzoek ........................................................................................... 23
Methodologie 2: belevingsonderzoek ........................................................................................... 24
Belevingsonderzoek en onderzoeksvragen ................................................................................ 24
Het betrekken van kinderen .................................................................................................... 25
Belevingsonderzoek = serious business.................................................................................... 25
Methodologie 3: actieonderzoek ................................................................................................. 25
Belang van dialoog................................................................................................................. 26
Dataverzamelingstechnieken ....................................................................................................... 26
Dataverzameling ....................................................................................................................... 26
Veel gemaakte fouten ................................................................................................................ 26
Keuze dataverzameling .............................................................................................................. 27
Welke past? .......................................................................................................................... 27
Dataverzamelingstechniek 1: interview ........................................................................................ 28
3 hoofdtype interviews ........................................................................................................... 28
Specifieke soorten interview ................................................................................................... 28
Dataverzamelingstechniek 2: enquête/vragenlijst ......................................................................... 29
Betrouwbare enquête? ........................................................................................................... 29
Welke informatie uit enquête? ................................................................................................. 29
Kwantitatief vs. kwalitatief enquête.......................................................................................... 29
Voordelen en nadelen enquête ................................................................................................ 30
Dataverzamelingstechniek 3: focusgroep ..................................................................................... 30
Wanneer focusgroep? ............................................................................................................ 30
Voordelen en nadelen focusgroep............................................................................................ 30
2
, Onderzoekscyclus
Dataverzamelingstechniek 4: observatie ...................................................................................... 31
Soorten observatie ................................................................................................................ 31
Valkuil observatie .................................................................................................................. 31
Keuzes bij observatie ............................................................................................................. 31
Observatie vastleggen ............................................................................................................ 32
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