Chapter 29 - Introduction to the Autonomic Nervous System Test Bank - Focus on Nursing Pharmacology (8th Edition by Karch)
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Focus on Nursing Pharmacology
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Focus On Nursing Pharmacology
1. The central nervous system (CNS) cells, where the impulses for the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) originate, are located where?
a. Cranium and sacral area of the spinal cord
b. Hypothalamus and the medulla
c. Nerve membranes
d. Thoracic and lumbar sections of the spinal cord
Ans: D
Fee...
Test Bank - Focus on Nursing Pharmacology (8th Edition by Karch)
1. The central nervous system (CNS) cells, where the impulses for the sympathetic
nervous system (SNS) originate, are located where?
a. Cranium and sacral area of the spinal cord
b. Hypothalamus and the medulla
c. Nerve membranes
d. Thoracic and lumbar sections of the spinal cord
Ans: D
Feedback:
The SNS is also called the thoracolumbar system because the CNS cells, where the
impulses for the SNS originate, are located in the thoracic and lumbar sections of the
spinal cord. The parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) is called the craniosacral
system because the CNS neurons, where the impulses for the PNS originate, are found
in the cranium and the sacral area of the spinal cord. Alpha2-receptors are located on
nerve membranes and the hypothalamus and medulla are located where the main
nerve centers for the autonomic nervous system (ANS) are located.
2. The nurse assesses that the patient is having a sympathetic response when noting
what manifestations?
a. Decrease in sweating, decrease in respirations, and pupil constriction
b. Decrease in heart rate and perfusion, and an increase in inflammatory
reactions
c. Increase in blood pressure, bronchodilation, and decreased bowel sounds
d. Increased motility and secretions in the GI tract, and constriction of bronchi
and pupils
Ans: C
Feedback:
When stimulated, the sympathetic nervous system prepares the body to flee or to turn
and fight (Figure 29.3). Cardiovascular activity increases, as do blood pressure, heart
rate, and blood flow to the skeletal muscles. Respiratory efficiency also increases;
bronchi dilate to allow more air to enter with each breath, and the respiratory rate
increases. Pupils dilate to permit more light to enter the eye, to improve vision in
darkened areas (which helps a person to see to fight or flee). Sweating increases to
dissipate heat generated by the increased metabolic activity.
, 3. An anatomy and physiology instructor scratches chalk across the blackboard
causing a screeching sound. Several students get a feeling like their hair is standing
on end. This response is part of the sympathetic stress reaction and is called what?
a. Diaphoresis
b. Diuresis
c. Piloerection
d. Vasoconstriction
Ans: C
Feedback:
The goose flesh or hair standing on end reaction that occurs as part of the stress
response is called piloerection. Diaphoresis refers to sweating. Diuresis is the loss of
water through the kidneys. Vasoconstriction is a muscle contraction in the blood
vessel leading to blood vessel narrowing.
4. The nurse administers a drug to the patient whose heart rate is bradycardic aimed at
increasing heart rate and myocardial activity. What adrenergic receptor is this drug
stimulating?
a. Alpha1
b. Alpha2
c. Beta1
d. Beta2
Ans: C
Feedback:
Beta1-receptors are found in cardiac tissue where they can stimulate increased
myocardial activity and increased heart rate. Alpha1-receptors are found in blood
vessels, in the iris, and in the urinary bladder. Alpha2-receptors are located on nerve
membranes and act as modulators of norepinephrine release. Beta1-receptors are
found in smooth muscle in blood vessels, in the bronchi, in the periphery, and in
uterine muscle.
5. The nurse administers a drug that stimulates the parasympathetic nervous system.
What physiological response would indicate the drug is working?
a. Vasoconstriction
b. Increased gastrointestinal (GI) motility
c. Increased heart rate
d. Pupil dilation
Ans: B
Feedback:
When the parasympathetic nervous system is stimulated, the result is increased GI
motility, decreased GI secretions, decreased heart rate, and pupillary constriction,
which all result from stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system.
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