Exam (elaborations)
HLTH 320 Final
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Exam of 6 pages for the course Basic Human Nutrition Final at Basic Human Nutrition Final (HLTH 320 Final)
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HLTH 320 FinalDifferentiate between a sprain and a strain. What is similar in their treatment? -
ANS-Strain is the muscle, sprain is the joint. RICE is the best treatment.
RICE - ANS-rest, ice, compression, elevation
Define the term "crepitus" as described in class and explain one way of preventing it in
a suspected fracture. - ANS-Grating sound of the fractured bone rubbing together. Apply
ice to the area, take ibuprofen.
You are caring for the victim of a car crash. As you perform a head to toe assessment
you are concerned about possible fractures due to the mechanism of injury involved.
Provide at least 4 signs that could indicate a fracture. - ANS-Intense pain, unwilling to
move limbs/painful area, swelling, guarding the injury.
What does "CSM" mean and when specifically is it used during the provision of first aid?
- ANS-Circulation, sensation, and movement. Check the blood circulation to the injury,
see if they can feel/respond to sensation to the injured area, and see if they can move it.
Guidelines for using ice - ANS-If there is any bleeding, it should be stopped first. You
can then apply ice, but only for twenty minutes at a time with an adequate break in
between.
While working on a building project at home, you smash your thumb with a hammer,
resulting in a hematoma (collection of blood) beneath the intact thumbnail. Briefly
describe your actions to minimize the discomfort as discussed in class. - ANS-You can
take a paper clip, straighten out the end, and heat it up until it is hot enough to penetrate
your finger nail. Then you can puncture your nail in order to release the pressure.
Your younger sister has injured her hand and it is swollen enough that she is having a
difficult time removing a ring from one of her fingers. Using one of the methods
discussed in the text, describe how you will help her remove it. - ANS-You can lubricate
the finger very well, and then pass a rubber band through it.
In the case of an ankle injury, list the 2 criteria presented in class that would increase
the likelihood the injury was a fracture as opposed to a sprain. - ANS-Sprain if the pain
is felt on one side, fracture if the pain is felt on both sides. If the ankle can not
endure/tolerate hopping on the opposite side, then it is most likely a fracture.
, Basic first aid treatment of a stroke includes which of the following? - ANS-Call 911 for
immediate transport to a hospital
The treatment recommended for an individual hyperventilating due to anxiety, as
described in class includes - ANS-coaching the victim to slow breathing.
For someone experiencing a severe attack of asthma - ANS-the shock position is not
recommended
Describe the action of aspirin for someone experiencing the signs of a heart attack -
ANS-Aspirin keeps your blood from clotting, which could damage your heart.
Your next door neighbor reports to you that he thinks he is experiencing a heart attack.
Provide at least 4 first aid actions appropriate in his care. - ANS-Encourage him to take
aspirin, call 911, help him into a comfortable position, and monitor his breathing.
Which of the following is recommended for the person who has diabetes and is
discovered to be unconscious and not breathing? - ANS-Provide chest compressions
and breaths
Your roommate is a diabetic and appears to be ill. Which of the following would indicate
to you that he is likely experiencing insulin shock? - ANS-pale skin, confusion
Febrile seizure - ANS-is caused by the spiking of a fever.
Provide at least 2 "do's" and 2 "do not's" applicable when caring for the victim of a
generalized tonic-clonic seizure. - ANS-Don't put anything in their mouth. Don't leave
the person. Do move objects that they could hit. Do try to keep others away from the
victim.
Define "BRAT" and explain when it is recommended. - ANS-If someone is having
diarrhea or vomiting. Bananas/bread, rice, apples, and tea.
Knowing you have just hiked through an area with poison ivy, which would be the most
appropriate action to prevent an allergic response associated with the exposure? -
ANS-Washing the affected surfaces with water and soap
Care of a victim of carbon monoxide poisoning includes which of the following
interventions? - ANS-Removing the victim from the toxic area
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