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APUSH Unit 3_ American Revolution & Democracy.
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APUSH Unit 3_ American Revolution & Democracy.
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APUSH Unit 3: American Revolution &Democracy
Industrial Revolution, 1750-1840 - ANS-period of rapid growth in the use of machines in
manufacturing + production that began in the mid-1700s England, occurring in the US
as well shortly after its start; agricultural --> industrial nation
First Great Awakening (Evangelical Revival) - ANS--religious revival in the colonies in
mid 1700s, approximately starting in the 1730s
-George Whitefield and Jonathan Edwards preached a message of atonement for sins
by admitting them to God
-movement attempted to combat the growing secularism and rationalism of
mid-eighteenth century America
-religious splits in the colonies became deeper
Jonathan Edwards - ANS-American preacher during the First Great Awakening;
"Sinners in the hands of angry god"
George Whitefield - ANS-English clergyman credited with starting the Great Awakening,
also a leader of the "New Lights"
New Lights - ANS-Ministers who took part in the revivalist, emotive religious tradition
pioneered by George Whitefield during the Great Awakening; Baptists and Methodists
Old Lights - ANS-Orthodox clergymen who rejected the emotionalism of the Great
Awakening in favor of a more rational spirituality
Effects of the Great Awakening - ANS-religious pluralism, diversity over uniformity,
separation of church and state, reduced church influence in education, sense of
individual worth, promoted equality, "New Light" movement considered women and
blacks equals, laid a foundation for American Revolution
Enlightenment - ANS-A movement in the 18th century (1700s) that advocated the use of
reason in the reappraisal of accepted ideas and social institutions
John Locke - ANS-English philosopher who advocated the idea of a "social contract" in
which government powers are derived from the consent of the governed and in which
,the government serves the people; said people have natural rights to life, liberty, and
property
Jean-Jacques Rousseau - ANS-"Social Contract"; French philosopher who explained an
ideal society where each community member would vote on issues and majority would
become one law
Albany Plan of Union, 1754 - ANS-Plan proposed by Benjamin Franklin that sought to
unite the 13 colonies for trade, military, and other purposes; turned down by the
colonies & the British Crown
Seven Years War (French and Indian War) - ANS--1756-1763
-AKA French and Indian war
-French and their Indian allies vs the English
-fought over Ohio River Valley
-English won
-proved English to be the more dominant both commercially and in terms of controlled
regions
-treaty: treaty of Paris (1763)
Cause of the Seven Years War - ANS-Prussia and Austria had a dispute over the
territory of Silesia and France and England had numerous colonial disputes
Fort Duquesne - ANS-French fort that was site of first major battle of French and Indian
War; General Washington led unsuccessful attack on French troops and was then
defeated at Fort Necessity, marking beginning of conflict
Battle of Quebec, 1759 - ANS-British victory over French forces on the outskirts of
Quebec; surrender of Quebec marked the beginning of the end of French rule in North
America
Native Americans allies of the British in the Seven Years War (and NOT of the French,
like everyone else!) - ANS-1/2 of the Iroquois Confederacy
Effects of the Seven Years War - ANS-Shift in the balance of power and territorial
changes
1) France was basically gone from North America, while British territory expanded:
Quebec, French West Indies sugar islands, French trading posts in India, Ohio River
Valley
, 2) Native Americans left to fend for themselves against colonists
3) Proclamation of 1763, which called for a halt to westward expansion beyond the
Appalachians
4) 1763 Treaty of Paris
5) Worsening relationship between England and its colonies that eventually led into the
Revolutionary War (Proclamation Line, increased military presence, no more salutary
neglect)
6) Prussia saved from defeat when Russia's Peter III pulls out (hehe)
7) Prussia retains Silesia
Treaty of Paris 1763 - ANS--Ended French and Indian War
-France lost Canada and land east of the Mississippi to British; New Orleans and west
of Mississippi to Spain
Pontiac's Rebellion - ANS--1763
-Indian uprising after the French and Indian War
-led by Ottowa chief Pontiac
-opposed British expansion into the western Ohio Valley
-destroyed British forts
-attacks ended when Pontiac was killed
Proclamation of 1763 - ANS-law forbidding English colonists to settle west of the
Appalachian Mountains; passed by British Parliament (...but largely ignored by
colonists)
Who prevented colonists from expanding westward? - ANS-The British and natives
(examples: English - Proclamation of 1763, natives - Pontiac's Rebellion)
Loyalists/Tories - ANS-colonists who remained loyal to England; often older, better
educated people, or members of the Anglican Church
Patriots - ANS-Colonists who wanted independence from Britain
Sons of Liberty - ANS-secret society formed to oppose British policies
Daughters of Liberty - ANS-organization of radical women in the colonies who
supported the boycott of British goods, urging Americans to wear homemade fabrics
and produce their own goods
Abigail Adams - ANS--Wife of John Adams
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