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APUSH AP Test Review Periods 1-9.
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APUSH AP Test Review Periods 1-9Jamestown - ANS-1st permanent English settlement in North America in 1607.
John Rolfe - ANS-He was one of the English settlers at Jamestown (and he married
Pocahontas). He discovered how to successfully grow tobacco in Virginia and cure it for
export, which made Virginia an economically successful colony. Eventually, he was
killed in a Pequot attack.
Pocohantas - ANS-An American Indian princess who saved the life of John Smith and
helped form more peaceful relations with the Powhatan when she married John Rolfe
but died of smallpox in England on a visit to Rolfe's family. Her remains are still there as
the English government refuses to send her remains back to North America.
Mayflower Compact - ANS-1620 - The first agreement for self-government in America. It
was signed by the 41 men on the Mayflower and set up a government for the Plymouth
colony
John Winthrop - ANS-As governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony, Winthrop (1588-1649)
was instrumental in forming the colony's government and shaping its legislative policy.
He envisioned the colony, centered in present-day Boston, as a "city upon a hill" from
which Puritans would spread religious righteousness throughout the world.
Puritans - ANS-A religious group who wanted to purify the Church of England. They
came to America for religious freedom and settled Massachusetts Bay.
Pilgrams - ANS-A religious group who wanted to purify the Church of England. They
came to America for religious freedom and settled Massachusetts Bay.
Massachusetts Charter - ANS-Allowed Puritans to take a charter with them and
establish their own government in the New World.
Loss of Massachusetts Charter - ANS-Revoking of Mass. Charter by King George II due
to the colonists refusal to obey by the Navigation Acts leading to anti-British feeling in
the New England region.
New Amsterdam - ANS-A settlement established by the Dutch near the mouth of
Hudson River and the southern end of Manhattan Island as a trade port for the Dutch
trade empire.
,House of Burgesses - ANS-1619 - Formed the first legislative body in colonial America.
It was made up of two representatives from teach town voted on by men who owned
property. Later other colonies would adopt the Houses of Burgesses concept creating
self-governing bodies in the colonies.
Headright System - ANS-Headrights were parcels of land consisting of about 50 acres
which were given to colonists who brought indentured servants into America. They were
used by the Virginia Company to attract more colonists.
Indentured Servants - ANS-Colonists who received free passage to North America in
exchange for working without pay for a certain number of years
Bacons Rebellion - ANS-1676 - Nathaniel Bacon and other western Virginia settlers
were angry at Virginia Governor Berkley for trying to appease the Doeg Indians after the
Doegs attacked the western settlements. The frontiersmen formed an army, with Bacon
as its leader, which defeated the Indians and then marched on Jamestown and burned
the city. The rebellion ended suddenly when Bacon died of an illness.
King Phillips War - ANS-Under the leadership of Metacom, or King Phillip, the
Wampanoag destroyed colonial towns, the colonists destroyed native farms, leading to
the most deadly of Indian Wars. The war was disastrous for the natives leading to few
surviving the war, and those that did left New England.
Royal Colony - ANS-A colony ruled by governors appointed by a king
Proprietary Colony - ANS-English colony in which the king gave land to proprietors in
exchange for a yearly payment
Town Meetings - ANS-A purely democratic form of government common in the colonies,
and the most prevalent form of local government in New England. In general, the town's
voting population would meet once a year to elect officers, levy taxes, and pass laws.
Salem Witch Trials - ANS-1629 outbreak of witchcraft accusations in a Puritan village
marked by an atmosphere of fear, hysteria, and unfounded accusations in courts with
Puritan ministers who served as judges. 19 women were executed.
Anne Hutchinson - ANS-One of the dissenters in Puritan Massachusetts held bible
studies at her house and believed in a personal relationship with god. She moved to
New Hampshire where she died along with her children from an Indian attack.
, Sir William Berkeley - ANS-The royal governor of Virginia. Adopted policies that favored
large planters and neglected the needs of recent settlers in the "backcountry." One
reason was that he had fur trade deals with the natives in the region. His shortcomings
led to Bacon's Rebellion
William Penn - ANS-Established the colony of Pennsylvania as a "holy experiment".
Freemen had the right to vote, provided leadership for self- government based on
personal virtues and Quaker religious beliefs. His colony was religiously tolerant leading
to diversity in the region.
Dominion of New England - ANS-1686 - The British government combined the colonies
of Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New Hampshire, and Connecticut into a single
province headed by a royal governor (Edmund Andros). The Dominion ended in 1692,
when the colonists revolted and drove out Governor Andros.
Acts of Trade and Navigation - ANS-Three acts that regulated colonial trade: 1st act:
closed the colonies to all trade except that from English ships, and required the
colonists to export certain goods, such as tobacco, to only English territories, 2nd act:
(1663) demanded that everything being shipped from Europe to the colonies had to
pass through England so they could tax the goods. 3rd act: 1673, was a reaction to the
general disregard of the first two laws; it forced duties on the coastal trade among the
colonies and supplied customs officials to enforce the Navigation Acts.
Triangular Slave Trade - ANS-A practice, primarily during the eighteenth century, in
which European ships transported slaves from Africa to Caribbean islands, molasses
from the Caribbean to Europe, and trade goods from Europe to Africa.
Middle Passage - ANS-A voyage that brought enslaved Africans across the Atlantic
Ocean to North America and the West Indies. The conditions on the ships from Africa to
the west led to the loss of hundreds of thousands of lives.
Social Mobility - ANS-Movement of individuals or groups from one position in a society's
stratification system to another
Ben Franklin - ANS-A colonial businessman and scientist who was an example of
American social mobility and individualism. He was a delegate from Pennsylvania in
colonial meetings, and proposed the "Albany Plan of the Union" as a way to strengthen
the colonies in the French and Indian War. He was a leading figure in the movement
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