Document containing all case studies required for the Regenerating places topic including the clear, essential details for each case study. Perfect revision document, useful for last minute revision or for first time learning.
A level Geography Topic 4a REGENERATION REVISION NOTES (Pearson Edexcel)
Edexcel A-Level Geography Topic 4B Diverse Places Summary + Case Studies
Edexcel A-Level Geography Topic 3 Globalisation Summary + Case Studies
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PEARSON (PEARSON)
Geography
Unit 2 - Dynamic Places
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Regenerating Places Case studies
Deindustrialisation of the steel industry
Steel employs 30,000 people nationally often in areas of high unemployment. It supports the wider
supply chain but in 2015 India’s TNC Tata shut down a steel plant after the closure of a company.
This made 4500 people redundant from the steel plant. The branches of these TNCs were cut to
reduce costs, cheaper Chinese imports, high energy costs and green taxes were factors. Around 4
other jobs will be lost for each steel worker (negative multiplier effect).
Milton Keynes (local place):
Built around 3 existing towns, counter magnet growth town to London, laid out in an American style
with aims to balance retail, social and leisure in each grid square. 45% of population under 30, good
transport links: railway and M1.
Regional influences: centre point between London, Birmingham, Oxford and Cambridge, encourages
renewable energy, electric car charging stations, door to door recycling.
National influences: built on migration, younger population, low population density, language
variety in schools.
International influences: overseas companies, shopping.
Global influences: MK Dons, decrease in manufacturing and a shift in economy- affluent for global
trade.
London Docklands:
Regional influences: rebuilt after blitz, containerisation made it difficult to compete with other areas,
London Dockland Development Corporation (LDDC) created new housing, recreational facilities,
green spaces and transport links. Located near London so attracts young professionals.
National influences: traditional jobs lost, land became derelict, jobs moved to people outside the
area.
International influences: EU-easy imports/exports.
Global influences: change of location of docks to London gateway copes with pressures of large
container units from global nations.
London Olympics (urban regeneration):
2,800 new homes with affordable rents were supposed to be created but were still unaffordable for
the poorer people in the area. The London Legacy Development Corporation lowered the target of
affordable housing from 50% to 31% in 2016.The Olympics brought more than £9bn of investment to
East London, much of which went into transport. Facilities such as the aquatics centre will be open
to the public and West Ham football team are moved into the stadium. However, 4964 jobs were
removed from the area of the Park to make way for the Olympics. In Newham, ¼ live in overcrowded
properties.
San Francisco (Successful regeneration):
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