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4N051 SSgt WAPS - Full SKT
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4N051 SSgt WAPS - Full SKT
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4N051 SSgt WAPS - Full SKTAnterograde (Posttraumatic) Amnesia - ANS-Inability to remember events after an
injury.
Basilar Skull Fractures - ANS-Usually occur following diffuse impact to the head (such
as falls, motor vehicle crashes); generally result from extension of a linear fracture to
the base of the skull and can be difficult to diagnose with a radiograph (x-ray).
Battle's Sign - ANS-Bruising behind an ear over the mastoid process that may indicate a
skull fracture.
Cerebral Edema - ANS-Swelling of the brain.
Closed Head Injury - ANS-Injury in which the brain ahs been injured but the skin has not
been broken and there is no obvious bleeding.
Concussion - ANS-A temporary loss or alteration of part of all of the brain's abilities to
function without actual physical damage to the brain.
Connecting Nerves - ANS-Nerves in the spinal cord that connect the motor and sensory
nerves.
Coup-Contrecoup Injury - ANS-Dual impacting of the brain into the skull; coup injury
occurs at the point of impact; Contrecoup injury occurs on the opposite side of impact,
as the brain rebounds.
Distraction - ANS-the action of pulling the spine along its length.
Epidural Hematoma - ANS-An accumulation of blood between the skull and the dura
mater.
Eyes-Forward Position - ANS-A head position in which the patient's eyes are looking
straight ahead and the head and torso are in line.
Four-Person Log Roll - ANS-The recommended procedure for moving a patient with a
suspected spinal injury from the ground to a long backboard.
Intervertebral Disk - ANS-The cushion that lies between two vertebrae.
,Intracerebral Hematoma - ANS-Bleeding within the brain tissue (parenchyma) itself;
also referred to as an intraparenchymal hematoma.
ICP - ANS-Intracranial Pressure.
Intracranial Pressure (ICP) - ANS-The pressure within the cranial vault.
Involuntary Activities - ANS-Actions of the body that are not under a person's conscious
control.
Linear Skull Fractures - ANS-Account for 80% of skull fractures; also referred to as
nondisplaced skull fractures; commonly occur in the temporal-parietal region of the
skull; not associated with deformities to the skull.
Meninges - ANS-Three distinct layers of tissue that surround and protect the brain and
the spinal cord within the skull and the spinal canal.
Open Head Injury - ANS-Injury to the head often caused by a penetrating object in
which there may be bleeding and exposed brain tissue.
Primary (Direct) Injury - ANS-An injury to the brain and its associated structures that is a
direct result of impact to the head.
Raccoon Eyes - ANS-Bruising under the eyes that may indicate a skull fracture.
Retrograde Amnesia - ANS-The inability to remember events leading up to a head
injury.
Secondary (Indirect) Injury - ANS-The "after effects" of the primary injury; includes
abnormal processes such as cerebral edema, increased intracranial pressure, cerebral
ischemia and hypoxia, and infection; onset is often delayed following the primary brain
injury.
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage - ANS-Bleeding into the subarachnoid space, where the
cerebrospinal fluid circulates.
Subdural Hematoma - ANS-An accumulation of blood beneath the dura mater but
outside the brain.
,Subluxation - ANS-A partial or incomplete dislocation.
TBI - ANS-Traumatic Brain Injury
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) - ANS-A traumatic insult to the brain capable of producing
physical, intellectual, emotional, social, and vocational changes.
Voluntary Activities - ANS-Actions that we consciously perform, in which sensory input
or conscious thought determines a specific muscular activity.
developmental disability - ANS-insufficient development of the brain resulting in some
level of dysfunction or impairment. Can include intellectual, hearing, or vision
impairments that surface during infanthood or childhood
autism spectrum disorder (ASD) - ANS-a group of complex disorders of brain
development characterized by difficulties in social interaction, repetitive behaviors, and
verbal and nonverbal communication
down syndrome - ANS-a genetic chromosomal defect that can occur during fetal
development and that results in intellectual impairment as well as certain physical
characteristics such as a round head with a flat occiput and slanted wide set eyes.
Increased maternal age and family history are known risk factors for this condition.
these are the characteristics of a developmentally disabled patient - ANS-may appear
slow to understand, limited vocabulary
immature behavior
characteristics of autism - ANS-severe behavioral problems, repetitive motor activities,
impairment in verbal and nonverbal skills, difficulty making eye contact, has trouble
answering open ended questions and monotone speech
these are the most common forms of hearing loss - ANS-sensorineural deafness and
conductive hearing loss
sensorineural deafness - ANS-a permanent lack of hearing caused by a lesion or
damage of the inner ear
conductive hearing loss - ANS-hearing loss caused by a faulty transmission of sounds
waves. can be caused by an accumulation of wax within the ear canal or a perforated
eardrum
, tracheostomy tube - ANS-a plastic tube placed within the tracheostomy site (stoma)
ventilator malfunction - ANS-if this malfunction occurs, remove the patient from this
devise and begin bag-valve-mask ventilations via the tracheostomy hole
internal cardiac pacemaker - ANS-this is a device implanted under the patients skin to
regulate the heart rate. (document the type of pacemaker)
left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) - ANS-this is a special piece of medical equipment
that takes over the function of one or both heart ventricles. it is used as a bridge to heart
transplantation while a donor heart is located. may be difficult to palpate a pulse in
patients who have this
central venous catheter - ANS-a catheter that has its tip placed in the vena cavato and
provides venous access (pick-line) used for home care patients, chemotherapy, long
term antibiotic or pain management, total parental nutrition (TPN) hemodialysis, or high
concentration glucose solutions. common locations - chest, upper arm, subclavicular
gastrostomy tubes - ANS-these may be placed into the stomach for patients who cannot
ingest fluids, food or medication by mouth.
this transport position should be used for patients with gastric tubes and difficulty
breathing - ANS-sitting or lying on the right side with the head elevated 30 degrees
shunts - ANS-tubes that drain excess cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the brain to
another part of the body outside of the brain such as the abdomen; lowers pressure in
the brain. used for patients with chronic neurologic conditions. located beneath the skin
on the side of the head behind the ear.
signs/symptoms of distress for kids with shunts - ANS-bulging fontanelles (infants)
headache, projectile vomiting, AMS, irritability, high pitched cry, fever, nausea, difficulty
walking, blurred vision, seizures, redness along the shunt track, bradycardia, and heart
arrhythmias
vagal nerve stimulator - ANS-this is a treatment used for seizures that are not controlled
with medication. it stimulates the vagus nerve at predetermined intervals to prevent
seizure activity. surgical implant used in children over 12. located under the patients
skin about the size of a silver dollar.
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