HED4804 Assignment 2 (COMPLETE ANSWERS) 2024 - DUE July 2024
HED4804 Assignment 2 (COMPLETE ANSWERS) 2024 - DUE July 2024
HED4804 Assignment 2 (COMPLETE ANSWERS) 2024 - DUE July 2024
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University of South Africa
Philosophy of Education
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PDU3701
Assignment 3
DUE JUNE 2024
, Introduction
The determination of the types of knowledge that should be prioritized in educational systems is
fundamental issue in the philosophy of education. This question involves understanding the roles
of various stakeholders, including educators, policymakers, students, and society at large, in
shaping the curriculum and educational priorities. Chapter 3 of "Scientific Rationalism and
Philosophy of Education" provides a detailed exploration of scientific rationalism and its emphasi
on empirical, objective knowledge. However, education encompasses a broader range of
knowledges, including the arts, humanities, and personal and ethical understanding. This essay
will critically examine how these diverse perspectives contribute to a balanced and
comprehensive educational system.
By reflecting on the contributions of different stakeholders, this essay will argue for a multifacete
approach to curriculum development. It will discuss the importance of educators' expertise in
pedagogy and subject matter, the influence of policymakers in shaping educational frameworks,
the role of students' interests and aspirations, and the societal expectations that drive educationa
goals. This approach aims to ensure that education is not only relevant and engaging for studen
but also prepares them for the complexities of modern life and enables them to contribute
meaningfully to society. Through a thorough examination of these perspectives, the essay will
highlight the need for a balanced integration of scientific, artistic, ethical, and practical knowledge
in educational systems.
, Question 1
Name TWO philosophers who were associated with
Phenomenology (Refer to pages 62-63 of Philosophy in Education Today: An
Introduction) (4)
1) Edmund Husserl
2) Martin Heidegger
Question 2
Identify FIVE characteristics of Phenomenology
(Refer to pages 64 of Philosophy in Education Today: An Introduction) (10)
1) Intentionality: Phenomenology emphasizes the idea that consciousness is always directed toward something;
is always about or of something.
2) Reduction (Epoché): This involves bracketing or setting aside preconceived beliefs and biases to examine the
essence of experiences.
3) Essence: Phenomenologists seek to describe the essence of phenomena by focusing on the core
characteristics that define a particular experience.
4) Lifeworld (Lebenswelt): This concept refers to the pre-reflective, everyday world that individuals experience
directly and intuitively.
5) Inter-subjectivity: This is the idea that individuals share and co-construct the meanings of experiences within a
social context.
Question 3
Name THREE educators who are associated with
Phenomenology (Refer to pages 66-68 of Philosophy in Education Today: An
Introduction for the answer) (6)
1) Max van Manen
2) David E. Denton
3) Alfred Schutz
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