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Unit 12: Diseases and InfectionAssignment A
Title: Report based on Infectious Diseases
Abstract
The aim of this report is to investigate the diverse types of diseases and infections that can
affect humans. Research shows that there are a variety of distinct types of symptoms that can
cause infectious diseases to negatively impact a human’s health over a certain period. This
report will mention changes from a specific disease that causes drastic changes to certain
structures and organs due to the disease’s life cycle and how it affects the overall performance
of human health, including an analysis of how infectious diseases affect systems in the body.
Introduction
This is an overview of the overall characteristics of five main pathogens that can cause diseases
that affect the human body and what consequences could be seen as fatal to the infected
person. The pathogens that will be explored through this report are mentioned down below as
titles along with a brief description of what they do and how they differ from other pathogens.
This report also presents an analysis of the effects of an infectious disease on the body's
systems.
“Explain the characteristics of the five main types of pathogens and a disease caused by each.”
(P1)
Bacteria
(Figure 1: shows the overview of what gum disease can cause to the health of a tooth)
(Reference website: Gum Disease and Systemic Healthdeardoctor.com)
, Bacteria are single-celled organisms that lack organelles like chloroplasts and mitochondria
since there is not a nucleus contained in eukaryotic cells. Their DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) has
a double strand that is continuous and circular which can be found in the nucleoid. Bacteria has
a cell membrane and cell wall that is made up of mostly peptidoglycan which surrounds the
glycosaminoglycan chains intertwined with pesticides. The cell membrane and cell wall of
bacteria is considered as a protective shield from threats such as hydrogen peroxide because
bacteria are resistant to this threat and can rapidly multiply to fight against this commination
which is used as a temporary solution to treat gum disease. Gum disease is quite common to
those who do not floss which is why most dentists will always remind you floss your teeth to
remove bacteria known as plaque which stays in between your teeth and can affect your
teeth’s health overtime if you do not floss. Bacteria reproduces asexually so the two daughter
cells (cells that combine their genetics to create a new cell) that results from binary fission have
identical DNA compared to the parent cell. Bacteria can additionally exchange genetic material
through another process well known as horizontal gene transfer. However, this method would
only require two existent bacteria.
Viruses
(Figure 2: shows an SEM of the Ebola virus)
(Reference: same website as referenced below under “References”)
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