HSC 404, Final Exam Test With Verified Solutions 2024HSC 404, Final Exam Test With Verified Solutions 2024HSC 404, Final Exam Test With Verified Solutions 2024HSC 404, Final Exam Test With Verified Solutions 2024HSC 404, Final Exam Test With Verified Solutions 2024HSC 404, Final Exam Test With Veri...
1. The population etiologic fraction is a measure of the proportion of the
disease rate in a population attributable to the exposure of interest. This
measure of effect is influenced by: - ANS --the relative risk of the disease in
exposed individuals versus unexposed individuals
AND
-the prevalence of the exposure in the population
2. If it is accepted than an observed association is a causal one, an estimate
of the impact that a successful preventative program might have, can be
derived from: - ANS -attributable risk
,When assessing a positive relationship between alcohol consumption and oral
cancer using a case-control study, increasing the sample size of the study will
result in:
-a lower p value
-a greater odds ratio
-a smaller 95% confidence interval
3. -a higher disease prevalence - ANS --none of the above
4. An attributable-risk percent of 80% was calculated for the association
between smoking and lung cancer death. The best interpretation of this
statistic would be: - ANS -Of those dying of lung cancer who smoke, 80% of
those deaths are attributed to their smoking, assuming a causal association
exists.
5. Several studies have found that approximately 85% of cases of lung
cancer are due to cigarette smoking. This is an example of: - ANS -
attributable risk
, 6. Selection bias is most likely to occur in: - ANS -both retrospective cohort
studies and case control studies
7. Recall bias is most likely to occur in: - ANS -case control studies
8. In a study to determine the incidence of chronic disease, 150 people were
examined at the end of a three-year period. Twelve cases were found,
giving a cumulative risk of 8%. Fifty other members of the initial cohort
could not be examined; 20 of these 50 could not be examined because
they died. Which source of bias may have affected the study? - ANS -
selection bias: survival bias
9. You are investigating the role of physical activity in heart disease and
suggest that physical activity protects against having a heart attack. While
presenting these data to your colleagues, someone asks if you could have
thought about confounders such as factor X. This factor X could have
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