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NURS 440: Final Exam Review Questions with Complete solutions
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NURS 440: Final Exam Review Questions with Complete solutions
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NURS 440: Final Exam ReviewHow might one define global health? Why study global health? - a. An area for study,
research, and practice that places a priority on improving health and achieving equity in
health for all people worldwide
b. To appreciate:
i. Some progress has been made
ii. Challenges still remain
iii. Diseases are not limited by national boundaries
iv. There are disparities among groups
v. The health-development link
vi. Need for co-operation and collaboration within and between nation states
What are some examples of global issues? Which ones do you think are the most
crucial? - a. Antimicrobial resistance
b. Emerging and reemerging infectious diseases
c. TB
d. Malaria
e. HIV
f. Double burden of disease
g. Maternal-child mortality
h. Increasing rates of diabetes and heart disease
g. climate crisis
food security and climate crisis (affects not only humans, but the ecosystem in which we
live)
What are the SDGs and how do they relate to health? - GOAL 1 : No Poverty
GOAL 2: Zero Hunger
GOAL 3: Good Health and Well-being
GOAL 4: Quality Education
,GOAL 5: Gender Equality
GOAL 6: Clean Water and Sanitation
GOAL 7: Affordable and Clean Energy
GOAL 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth
GOAL 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure
GOAL 10: Reduced Inequality
GOAL 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities
GOAL 12: Responsible Consumption and Production
GOAL 13: Climate Action
GOAL 14: Life Below Water
GOAL 15: Life on Land
GOAL 16: Peace and Justice Strong Institutions
GOAL 17: Partnerships to achieve the Goal
Only goal 3 directly concerns health, all other 16 SDGs are indirectly related to health.
How would you improve on the SDGs? - SIGN THE W.A.S.H. ... Water, sanitation,
and hygiene
PROVIDE A HEALTHY WORKPLACE
REVIEW YOUR SUPPLY CHAIN AND IMPLEMENT SUSTAINABLE PRACTICES.
Give to Projects that Support the SDGs.
INVEST IN RENEWABLE ENERGY
ENCOURAGE 'REDUCE, REUSE, RECYCLE'
How do the SDGs differ from the MDGs? - - Overarching goal of the SDGs is to
"ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages" (p. 8). The goal of
MDGs was to "reduce extreme poverty by 2015."
- "The transition from the MDGs to the SDGs is premised on building a sustainable
world where environmental sustainability, social inclusion, and economic development
are equally valued (p. 7)."
,- The MDGs have promoted health and well-being in many countries, but progress
towards achieving the MDGs was uneven.
- The MDGs had amazing strides (e.g., half of the world population lived on $1.25 a day
in 1990, but this dropped to 14% by 2005); however, they left out issues such as
disasters, conflict situations, the epidemic of non-communicable diseases, mental
health disorders, and large inequities in all parts of the world (p. 7-8)
- SDGs addressed many of these shortcomings and position a new all-inclusive goal
with a broad set of targets for the MDGs
- Unlike the MDGs, which only targets the developing countries, the SDGs apply to all
countries whether rich, middle or poor countries. The SDGs are also nationally-owned
and country-led, wherein each country is given the freedom to establish a national
framework in achieving the SDGs.
- MDGs were prepared by only a few stakeholders without adequate involvement by
developing countries and overlooked development objectives previously agreed upon
and not appropriately adapted to national needs
What are the MDGs - i. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
ii. Achieve universal primary education
iii. Promote gender equality
iv. Reduce child mortality
v. Improve maternal health
vi. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases
vii. To ensure environmental sustainability
viii. Develop a global partnership for development
What is health equity? How does accomplishing the SDGs help to achieve health
equity? - - Health equity is created when individuals have the fair opportunity to reach
their fullest health potential. No one is disadvantaged from achieving this potential
because of social position or other socially determined circumstances
- SDG 3 aspires to ensure health and well-being for all, including a bold commitment to
end the epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and other communicable diseases by
, 2030. It also aims to achieve universal health coverage, and provide access to safe and
effective medicines and vaccines for all.
What is the relationship between poverty and health? - - Root cause of hunger and
death from infectious disease
- Major contributor to crime, unsafe housing, and a large number of other deadly
deprivations
- Wherever there is widespread poverty, there will inevitably be inequity and injustice as
two of the principal contributory issues
What key factors determine personal health? - Genetics, behaviour, environmental and
physical influences, medical care, and societal factors
How do human rights abuses relate to global health? - - a set of rights afforded to
individuals on the basis of being human, that is, irrespective of national citizenship,
gender, ethnicity, or other traits
- discrimination and oppression based on gender occurs and health is compromised. It
is now realized that peace and prosperity depend on a fundamental foundation of
benign governance that respects the rights of individuals
Why is malnutrition considered an element of global health? - 795 million people
suffering from malnutrition. Death from starvation has largeely been replaced by chronic
malnutrition, which sap the energy and the potential of huge numbers of the world's
population. Malnutrition increases mortality from diseases such as gastroenteritis and
measles
Why is population health so poor in many developing countries? - Lack of an improved
water source
Poor sanitation
Malnutrition
War and conflict
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