Summary

Summary GED Civics and Governance

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GED

Institution
12th Grade

These summaries are perfect for preparing you for the Civics and Governance section of your social studies GED exam. This section makes up 40% of the social studies paper. Give yourself the edge by using these easy-to-understand and comprehensive notes.

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Uploaded on June 9, 2024
Number of pages 14
Written in 2023/2024
Type Summary

ged social studies

Institution
12th Grade
Course
GED
Schooljaar 200

hessy

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Civics and Governance

Civics - the study of the rights and duties of citizenship.

Governance - the way a country and its citizens are managed.

Views of governance

 Depends on who the people in power are and how they perceive society.

 Philosopher Thomas Hobbes (1588 -1679) largely shaped what we believe government

should be.

o He had a negative view of human nature – believing that humans are selfish and

should be kept under control.

o He believed the only way to keep humans’ selfish desires under control was

through a monarchy.

o People could protest bad leaders but could not overthrow them as they previously

agreed to be ruled by them.

o There should be a social contract – where people agree to sacrifice some of their

rights to ensure the security of society.

o ^ described in his 1660 work named; The Leviathan

 The first paragraph of the Declaration of Independence contains key ideas that shaped the

American ideology.

 Thomas Jefferson – was part of the Enlightenment era (an intellectual and philosophical

movement that dominated the world of ideas in Europe in the 17th and 18th centuries) –

he got many of his ideas from John Locke (an English philosopher).

 John Locke, in 1689 – rejected the idea that the king had all right to rule and proposed

that the rights of individuals should govern.

,  John Locke

o People can choose how they want to live as long as they don’t negatively

influence other peoples’ rights.

 The principle that the American constitution is based on.

o Rule of law – everyone should follow the law and will be judged under the same

law.

o Individual right – You have the right to happiness and achieving your goals as

long as you do not violate the rights of others.

 Popular Sovereignty and the Consent of the Governed

o Benjamin Franklin said, “In free governments, the rulers are the servants and the

people are their superiors and sovereigns” – the rulers will listen to the people

they serve.

o The importance of the voice of the people was highlighted.

o This idea was reflected in the introduction of the constitution – “We the people of

the United States…”

o Constitutionalism – authority will be ruled by the law and ethical guidelines. –

example = federal law that follows the constitution.

 Majority rule and Minority rights

o The decision with the most votes is the one that is followed.

o Voice of the people = refers to the majority

 Simple way of making decisions

 Ensures more people are for it than against it.

o Can easily lead to a tyrannical majority reign over the minority.

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Summary GED Civics and Governance

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