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Samenvatting Module chronische zorgen $5.93   Add to cart

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Samenvatting Module chronische zorgen

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Dit is mijn samenvatting van het vak chronische zorgen.

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  • June 9, 2024
  • 12
  • 2023/2024
  • Summary
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Thomas More



Module
chronische
zorg
Meneer De Wachter




Emma Van Campenhout
2023-2024

, Achtergrond
Chromosomen – locus – allelen
- 23 (eicel) + 23 (zaadcel) = 46 chromosomen, 23 paren (zelfde opbouw)
- Locus = plaats van een gen op het chromosoom
- Allel = variatie in 2 genen op hetzelfde chromosomenpaar (2 allelen)
- Dominante of recessieve genen

Celdeling
- G0 = ruststadium
- G1 = prikkeling om celdeling aan te vatten
- S (= synthese) = chromosomen dupliceren (23 -> 46 paar)
- G2 = nakijken op fouten in duplicatie en herstellen of verwijderen
- M (= mitose) = splitsen in 2 cellen -> elk 23 paar
- Proto-oncogenen = genen die voortgang cyclus ondersteunen (als receptor of eiwit)
o Oncogen = gen dat zorgt voor de voortgang van de kankercyclus (versnellend)
- Tumor-supressorgenen = toezicht op cyclus + tegenhouden

Celkern – cytoplasma –
organellen
- Organel = elk onderdeel cel
- Mitochondriën = energie-voorziening: krebscyclus
- Ribisomen = aanmaak eiwitten (uit DNA)
- Celkern = DNA (A + T, G + C, fosfaat + glucose)

Genexpressie
- Gen = stuk genetisch materiaal dat code bevat om een eiwit aan te maken
- RNA = kopie van de helft van het DNA -> buiten celkern (ribosomen maken DNA)

Signaaltransductie
= signalen verder geven (2 manieren)

- Fosforylering = tyrosine koppelt aan fosfaat waardoor signaal wordt doorgegeven
- Receptor wordt geprikkeld door ligand -> info van extracellulair naar intracellulair


Oncologie
Kanker
= ongecontroleerde celdeling

Mutaties in het genoom
Proto-oncogen -> oncogen Inactivatie tumor-supressorgen
- Mutatie (in 1 allel) - Mutatie (in beide allelen)
- Amplificatie (x2) -> receptoren x2 (overexpressie) - Inactivatie pRB-eiwit door E7-eiwit (productie
- Translocatie (genen wisselen van plaats) bij HPV) -> geen binding met E2F -> geen S-fase

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