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Midterm exam review 522 Biostats and epidemiology (Rush)
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Midterm exam review 522 Biostats andepidemiology (Rush)
Epidemiology is... - ANS-the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related
states or events in specified populations, and the application of this knowledge to the
control of health problems.
Study... - ANS-Refers to the systematic surveillance, observation, experimentation... use
of scientific approach
Distribution... - ANS-refers to person, place, and time
Determinants... - ANS-physical, biological, social, cultural, economic, and behavioral
factors that influence health
Health-related states or events... - ANS-Includes wellness, illness, disease, injury,
impairments, and disabilities.
Specified populations... - ANS-The characteristics of who is at risk for the disease, and
who acquires the disease
Control of health problems... - ANS-the goal of epidemiology is to identify factors
associated with the development of disease as well as factors that prevent illness
The key features of epidemiology's focus are - ANS-1. populations
2. population health
Epidemiology does not focus on... - ANS-providing direct care to individuals
The core epidemiological functions are - ANS-1. surveillance
2. field investigations
3. analytic studies
4. evaluation
5. linkages
6. policy
Epidemiology is a... - ANS-quantitative science
,Measurement... - ANS-is an essential feature of epidemiology
Measurement focuses on... - ANS-1. distribution of health-related states and events
2. determinants of health-related states and events
epidemiology is a story enhanced with... - ANS-quantitative data
the 5 W's of epidemiology are... - ANS-1. What
2. When
3. Where
4. Who
5. Why
The two components of epidemiology are... - ANS-Descriptive and analytic
Descriptive Epidemiology describes... - ANS-Person, place, and time
Descriptive epidemiology studies the _______ of health-related states and events -
ANS-Distribution
Descriptive epidemiology studies the _____ and _____ of health-related states and
events - ANS-Frequency and pattern
Analytic epidemiology examines the _____ of health-related states or events -
ANS-causes (why)
Analytic epidemiology _____ the association between exposures and outcomes to
determine _____ _____ - ANS-quantifies; casual relationships
Analytic epidemiology examines the potential etiologies (_____ or _____) for the
health-related states or events - ANS-Helpful or harmful
Analytic epidemiology studies the _____ of health-related states and events -
ANS-Determinants
Descriptive epidemiology describes... - ANS-1. Distribution of health-related states and
events
2. Frequency and pattern of events
3. The who, where, and when
4. The person, place, and time
, Analytic epidemiology describes... - ANS-1. Determinants of health-related states and
events
2. The why
3. The cause(s)
The CDC works 24/7 to... - ANS-protect America from health, safety, and security
threats, both foreign and in the US.
The CDC increases... - ANS-Health security of our nation
A variable... - ANS-is the thing that is being measured or observed
A variable 'varies' - - ANS-it can assume different values
Examples of variables are... - ANS-characteristics like height, weight, heart rate, blood
type, vaccination status, temperature, and blood glucose level
Variable Definitions (Conceptional Definitions) - ANS-1. Defines the concept
2. DICTIONARY DEFINITION
Variable Definitions (Operational Definitions) - ANS-1. Specifies how the concept is
measured
2. Describes the operations used to obtain the measurement
Independent variable is... - ANS-manipulated or varied by the researcher
Independent variables are also known as... - ANS-the intervention, treatment, or
experimental variable
Independent variables are thought to... - ANS-affect (cause) the outcome of interest
In experimental studies, there are usually _____ independent variables - ANS-one
Dependent variables are... - ANS-the outcome or response variable
Dependent variables are presumed... - ANS-to be affected by or caused by and
independent variable
There can be more than one... - ANS-Dependent variable
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