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Qma Indiana Questions and Answers Solved 100% Correct 2024

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Antacids - Tums Amphojel, Rolaids Milk of Magnesia, Alternagel Maalox, Mylanta, Gelusil, Riopan Mylicon Antacids Action - Neutralizes stomach acid. decreases the rate of gastric emptying, treats hyperacidity Antacids Use - Peptic ulcer, used to treat heartburn; reflux esophagitis, gastrit...

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  • June 12, 2024
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Qma Indiana Questions and Answers
Solved 100% Correct 2024
Antacids - Tums
Amphojel, Rolaids
Milk of Magnesia, Alternagel
Maalox, Mylanta, Gelusil, Riopan
Mylicon

Antacids Action - Neutralizes stomach acid. decreases the rate of gastric emptying,
treats hyperacidity

Antacids Use - Peptic ulcer, used to treat heartburn; reflux esophagitis, gastritis, hiatal
hernia.

Antacids Nursing Considerations - antacids may intefere with medication absorption
thus shold not be given with othher meds- wait 1-2 hours.
antacid effect os prolonged when medication is taken with food.
chart amount and consistency of stools.

Anti- Ulcer - Pepcid
Axid
Zantac
Tagamet
Cytotec
Protonix

Other meds given before meals:

Prilosec
Carafate
Prevacid
Nexium

Anti-Ulcer Action - prevents the release of gastric acid to treat or prevent stomach and
duodenal ulcers.

Anti-Ulcer side effects - Side effects are minor.
High doses can cause confusion

Anti-Ulcer Nursing Considerations - Dissolve carafate in water.
Encourage resident not to smoke, which increases gastric secretion.

,encourage resident to avoid: spicy forrd, caffeine, nicotine, alcohol, and carbonated
beverages.

Antiemetics - Dramamine
Tigan
Antivert
Compazine
Phenergan

Antiemetics Action - supress N/V by acting on the brain control center

Antiemetics Use - to treat nausea and prevent vomiting

Antiemetics Side effects - drowsiness

Antiemetics Nursing Considerations - monitor B/P for hypotension

Emetics - Syrup of Ipecac

Emetics Action - induce vomiting

Emetics Use - used when poision has been ingested

Emetics Side effects - do not use when corrosive product ingested; such as, acids or
alkalies, or if resident is drowsy or unconsious. The licensed nurse should contact the
physician and/or posion control center before administering.

Emetics Nursing considerations - usually induces vomiting 20-30 minutes after
adminstered.

Antidiarrheals (absorbents) - kaolin
Pepto-Bismol
pectin(from apples)
Kaopectate

Absorbents Action - adsorb(soak up) excess fluids and bacteria

Absorbents Use - to treat diarrhea

Absorbents Side Effects - minimal constipation
nausea
dry mouth
abdominal pain

Absorbents N.C. - monitor patient for constipation

,Antidiarrheals (OPIATES- meds that slow down intestinal motility) - Paregoric

Opiates Action - reduces peristalsis by action on CNS and diminshes secretions

Opiates Use - to treat diarrhea

Opiates Side effects - drowsiness
may be ADDICTING

Gastrointestinal meds that alter motility - Decrease motility:
atropine sulfate
Lomotil
Atropine
scopolamine
Donnatal
kaolin
oectin
Imodium
Bentyl

Enhance motility:
Reglan-(give before meals rather than with food)

Gastrointestinal meds that alter motility Action - acts on autonomic nervous system to
alter peristalsis

Gastrointestinal meds that alter motility Use - spastic colon: diarrhea: GERD

Gastrointestinal meds that alter motility Side effects - blurred vision
dry mouth
heart palpitations
urine retention
constipation

Gastrointestinal meds that alter motility N.C. - monitor V/S and Urinary output

Cathartics (laxatives) - castor oil
Senekot
Dulcolax
Ex-Lax, Doxidam

Cathartics (laxtives) Action - stimulate intestinal peristalsis; usually acts in 6-8 hours
when given in oral form.

Cathartics (laxatives) Side Effects - abdominal cramping
nausea

, diarrhea

Cathartics (laxatives) N.C. - monitor for diarrhea

Saline laxatives - Milk of Magnesia

Saline laxatives Action - acts within 8 hours

Saline laxatives Side effects - diarrhea
cramping

Saline laxatives N.C. - shake suspension well
monitor for good fluid intake following administration of the laxative

Lubricant Laxatives - Mineral Oil- works within 2-6 hours. admin on an empty stomach.
can give with fruit juice to disguise taste.
Haley's MO
Glycerin suppository- should be retained for atleast 15 minutes for best results.

Lubricant Laxatives Action - increases water retention in stool thereby stimulating
evacuation

Lubricant Laxatives Side Effects - inteferes with absorbing nutrients.
should not be taken at mealtime or long term
resident may experience abdominal cramping

Lubricant Laxatives N.C. - may interfere with absorbtion of vitamins

Laxatives that moisten fecal matter - Surfak
Colace
Fiber Con

Laxatives that moisten fecal matter Action - Stool softener; used to promote regular
mowel evacuation

Laxatives that moisten fecal matter Side Effects - mild abdominal cramping can cause
diarrhea

Laxatives that moisten fecal matter N.C. - Instruct resident that it may take 1-3 days to
soften stool.
If resident has a routine order and is experiencing diarrhea ask nurse if medication
should be given.

Laxatives which increase bulk - Metamucil
Citrucel

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