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Samenvatting Colleges strafrecht en mensenrechten uitgebreid
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Colleges strafrecht en mensenrechten uitgebreid
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STRAFRECHT EN MENSENRECHTENTilburg University 2023-2014
,Inhoudsopgave
WEEK 1: INTRODUCTIE & RECHT OP EEN EERLIJK PROCES...............................................................................5
Hoorcollege..........................................................................................................................................................5
Europeanisering van het straf(proces)recht....................................................................................................6
Nederlandse straf(proces) en het EVRM.........................................................................................................7
Pijnpunten in Nederland..................................................................................................................................8
Artikel 17 Grondwet.........................................................................................................................................9
Artikel 6 EVRM: introductie...........................................................................................................................10
Het toepassingsbereik van artikel 6 EVRM....................................................................................................11
Recht op rechtsbijstand.................................................................................................................................13
Salduz t. Turkije..............................................................................................................................................14
De discussie in Nederland..............................................................................................................................15
De ontwikkelingen na Salduz.........................................................................................................................17
Besluit Inrichting en orde politieverhoor.......................................................................................................19
Meer recente rechtspraak.............................................................................................................................20
Van de Kolk t. Nederland (EHRM 28 mei 2019).............................................................................................20
De gevolgen van een schending....................................................................................................................21
Atristain Gorosabel t. Spanje (EHRM 18 januari 2022)..................................................................................22
Aanwezigheidsrecht.......................................................................................................................................22
M. Lochs, ‘Geen coulance maar recht: de actieve raadsman bij het politieverhoor’, Boom Strafblad 2021, alf.
4..........................................................................................................................................................................23
EHRM 28 mei 2019, 23192/15 (Van de Kolk t. Nederland)................................................................................28
EHRM 18 januari 2022, 15508/15, EHRC-2022-0039 (Atristain Gorosabel t. Spanje).......................................29
EHRM 14 februari 2017, 30749/12 (Hokkeling t. Nederland)...........................................................................30
EHRM 8 juni 2021, nr. 61591/16 (Dijkhuizen t. Nederland)..............................................................................30
EHRM 27 juli 2021, nr. 72631/17 (X t. Nederland)............................................................................................31
WEEK 2: ARTIKEL 3 EVRM............................................................................................................................. 32
Hoorcollege........................................................................................................................................................32
De verhouding tot andere mensenrechten (art. 3 EVRM).............................................................................36
De verhouding tot andere mensenrechten (art. 2 EVRM).............................................................................37
Excessief politiegeweld..................................................................................................................................38
Levenslange gevangenisstraf.........................................................................................................................38
Detentieomstandigheden..............................................................................................................................40
, Uitlevering en uitzetten: non-refoulement....................................................................................................41
Gäfgen t. Duitsland (2010).................................................................................................................................42
Vinter e.a. t. het Verenigd Koninkrijk (2013)......................................................................................................42
Bouyid t. België (2015).......................................................................................................................................43
Murray t. Nederland (2016)...............................................................................................................................43
D. t Letland (2024)..............................................................................................................................................43
Hoge Raad van 23 juni 2020, ECLI:NL:HR:2020:1092 (incl. conclusie)...............................................................44
WEEK 3: PRIVACY EN STRAFRECHT I.............................................................................................................. 45
Hoorcollege........................................................................................................................................................45
Het mensenrechtelijk kader...........................................................................................................................45
Artikel 8 EVRM...............................................................................................................................................46
De beperkingssystematiek van artikel 8 lid 2 EVRM......................................................................................47
Het Nederlandse strafvorderlijke kader........................................................................................................48
Artikel 8 lid 2 EVRM: bij wet voorzien...........................................................................................................49
Datagedreven opsporing...............................................................................................................................53
Het Wetboek van Strafvordering en de Wet Politiegegevens.......................................................................55
EHRM Big Brother Watch...............................................................................................................................55
Jurisprudentie.....................................................................................................................................................57
HR 4 april 2017, ECLI:NL:HR:2017:584 (Smartphone)...................................................................................57
EHRM 25 mei 2021, ECLI:CE:ECHR:2021:0525… (Big Brother Watch e.a. t. VK)...........................................58
WEEK 4: PRIVACY EN STRAFRECHT II............................................................................................................. 64
Hoorcollege........................................................................................................................................................64
Digital right Ierland........................................................................................................................................64
Tele2 Sverige/Watson....................................................................................................................................65
Ministerio Fiscal.............................................................................................................................................66
Prokuratuur (HvJ 2 maart 2021)....................................................................................................................67
Abortus..........................................................................................................................................................69
EHRM A, B en C/Ierland.................................................................................................................................70
WEEK 5: VRIJHEIDSBENEMING..................................................................................................................... 72
Hoorcollege........................................................................................................................................................72
Artikel 5 EVRM (het recht op vrijheid)...........................................................................................................74
De voorlopige hechtenis................................................................................................................................74
Motiveringseisen van de VH..........................................................................................................................76
, De kritiek........................................................................................................................................................77
Detentie, vervangende hechtenis en gijzeling...............................................................................................78
De voorwaardelijke invrijheidsstelling...........................................................................................................80
Tbs, ISD en de zorgmachtiging.......................................................................................................................82
WEEK 6: NEMO TENETUR............................................................................................................................. 85
Hoorcollege........................................................................................................................................................85
Criterium voor de toepasbaarheid................................................................................................................86
De ratio..........................................................................................................................................................89
Een nationaal NT-beginsel?............................................................................................................................91
WEEK 7: CYBERCRIMINALITEIT..................................................................................................................... 95
Hoorcollege........................................................................................................................................................95
Informatie-uitwisseling..................................................................................................................................96
Mensenrechten............................................................................................................................................101
WEEK 8: ONSCHULDPRESUMPTIE............................................................................................................... 105
Hoorcollege......................................................................................................................................................105
Het mensenrecht.........................................................................................................................................106
De onschuldpresumptie in Nederland.........................................................................................................107
De twee beginselen.....................................................................................................................................109
Het bewijsbeginsel in het Nederlandse strafrecht......................................................................................114
Bejegening in het Nederlandse strafrecht...................................................................................................115
WEEK 9: RECHT OP EEN EERLIJK PROCES IN DE RECHTSPRAKTIJK.................................................................118
Inleiding.......................................................................................................................................................118
Getuigen......................................................................................................................................................120
De redelijke termijn.....................................................................................................................................122
Aanwezigheidsrecht.....................................................................................................................................123
Procesafspraken...........................................................................................................................................124
Verschoningsrecht.......................................................................................................................................125
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