NR222 Exam Q&A Latest Update

Classic vitamin deficiency diseases - Answer-*Examples: rickets, pellagra, scurvy, beriberi -Abundant food supply -Fortification of foods (iodized salt, niacin) Dietary excess/imbalance - Part 1 - Answer-*Contributes to leading causes illness/death -Diet: Coronary heart disease (CHD), some cancers, cerebrovascular accident (CVA), Diabetes Mellitus (DM) -Alcohol: accidents, cirrhosis, suicide, homicide -Childhood obesity --- adult problems Dietary excess/imbalance - Part 2 - Answer-*Problems resulting from overconsumption- leading cause of illness and death in the United States *Increased consumption of sodium, solid fats, increased sugars, refined grains *Four leading causes of death (related to diet): Coronary Heart Disease (CVD), some types of cancers, stroke, diabetes mellitus *Goal: encourage healthy choices in diet, exercise, weight control Healthy People 2020-Nutrition Objectives - Answer-*Designed to reduce obesity in children/adults *Indicators of nutrition-related health -Overweight statistics -High serum cholesterol levels -Hypertension -Risk factors for CHD and CVA *Nine focus areas Nutrition Guide lines - Answer-*Dietary reference intakes (DRIs) -Recommended daily allowance (RDA) -Adequate intake (AI) -Estimated average requirement (EAR) -Tolerable upper intake level (UL) *Focus on optimizing health and decreasing risk of chronic disease through nutrition MyPlate - Answer-*2010 USDA revised USDA food guidance system *Emphasizes personalized approach to healthy eating *Five food groups broken into sections of the plate—grains, vegetables, fruits, protein, and a glass of dairy Dietary Supplements - Answer-*Include vitamins, minerals, herbs, botanicals/plant-derived substances *Unregulated by FDA—more research needed *Supplementation indicated for some specific populations,