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PHTLS REVIEW EXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS #5
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PHTLS REVIEW EXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 2023-2024#5
How many people die from trauma annually? - correct answer Over 5 million
What is the leading cause of trauma deaths? - correct answer MVA
Where do over 90% of trauma deaths occur? - correct answer Low-Middle income
countries.
What is the leading cause of death in people aged 1-44? - correct answer Trauma
What are the goals of PHTLS? - correct answer Reduce morbidity and mortality from
trauma, and provide appropriate care to the patient in the field.
What is the PHTLS philosophy? - correct answer Deliver the patient to the right facility,
utilizing the right mode of transportation, in the right amount of time, as safely as
possible.
What are the components of scene assessment? - correct answer Safety, Pre arrival
information, arrival on scene, MOI, and Patients.
What is paramount for scene assessment? - correct answer Personal and Personnel
safety.
What is the global view? - correct answer What you get before you get out of your
vehicle.
What is the goal of the Primary Survey? - correct answer To immediately identify life
threatening situations and manage them as they are identified.
What are the components of the primary survey? - correct answer Airway, Breathing,
Circulation, Disability, Exposure
When does assessment of the incident begin? - correct answer Before arriving at the
patients side.
The findings of the scene assessment and primary survey help to determine what? -
correct answer If the patient is sick, not yet sick, or not sick
When should the secondary survey be completed? - correct answer Only if time and
situation permit.
What are the components of the secondary survey? - correct answer Vital Signs,
History, Physical Examination, Treatment, Level of Care, Transportation, and
Communication.
,What are the components of a radio report? - correct answer Timely, Scene Description,
Number of Patients, Current Patient Status, Treatment Provided, ETA
What is a tracheal consideration with pediatric patients in regards to ETT intubation? -
correct answer Potential for right main-stem intubation.
What is the most common cause of airway obstruction in the trauma patient? - correct
answer The tongue.
When are basic maneuvers applied in regards to trauma airway management? - correct
answer First
When are advanced airway maneuvers performed for trauma patients? - correct answer
After basic, only if needed.
What is the goal of managing a patients airway? - correct answer Maintain an open and
patent airway that allows for adequate breathing, ventilation, and oxygenation.
What does airway management entail? - correct answer Anticipating difficulties and
planning for alternate methods of airway control.
What is ALWAYS the FIRST airway maneuver for the trauma patient? - correct answer
Trauma Jaw Thrust/Chin Lift
What should be considered SECOND for maintaining a patent airway in the trauma
patient? - correct answer OPA or NPA
What adjunct should be considered THIRD for airway management in the trauma
patient? - correct answer Supra-Glottic Airways
When should glottic airways be considered? - correct answer After jaw thrusts,
OPA/NPA, and Supra Glottic airways have failed.
What are some assessment criteria for Endotracheal Intubation? - correct answer
Decreased LOC (GCS<8), Inability to maintain patent airway, Upper Airway Burns,
Signs of pending airway obstructions.
Which type of airway management should be considered last? - correct answer
Surgical.
What types of methods should be used to verify tube placement? - correct answer One
physiological and one mechanical method.
When the patients breathing draws your attention you should...? - correct answer
Assume there is a problem until proven otherwise.
, What are some s/s you are looking for in a trauma patients breathing assessment? -
correct answer Increased respiratory effort, visible trauma, paradoxical chest wall
movement, sucking chest wound.
What are some s/s you are feeling for in a trauma patients breathing assessment? -
correct answer Boney crepitus, subcutaneous emphysema.
What is the BIGGEST difference between a simple and a tension pneumothorax? -
correct answer A TENSION has hemodynamic compromise.
Which ribs are most at risk for rib fracture? - correct answer Ribs 4-8 laterally
What is the most common cause of hemothorax? - correct answer Fractures to ribs 4-8
What are common complaints of rib fractures? - correct answer Pain and SOB
Under what circumstances should you withhold oxygen from a patient? - correct answer
Never withhold oxygen from a patient in respiratory distress.
When should you assist ventilations? - correct answer When the RR is above 28 or less
than 10.
What is the ventilatory rate for adults? - correct answer 10-12 bpm for 500-800cc
What is the ventilatory rate for Children? - correct answer 16-20 bpm for 100-500 cc or
good chest rise
What is the ventilatory rate for infants? - correct answer 25bpm for 6-8ml/kg
What end tidal CO2 reading should you maintain? - correct answer 35-45 mmhg
Where should a needle decompression be placed? - correct answer 2nd intercostal
space mid clavicular line, over the 3rd rib.
What is shock? - correct answer A result of inadequate energy production to sustain life.
What are the brain, heart, and lungs tolerance to hypoxia? - correct answer 4-6 minutes.
What are the kidneys, liver, and GI tracts tolerance to hypoxia? - correct answer 45-90
minutes.
What are the muscle, bone, and skins tolerance to hypoxia? - correct answer 4-6 hours.
What is the most common cause of shock in the trauma patient? - correct answer
Hypovolemia due to hemorrhage until proven otherwise.
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