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arch 249 exam 1 tamu glowacki vocab.
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arch 249 exam 1 tamu glowacki vocabmudbrick - ANS-Sun-dried brick used for construction
post and lintel - ANS-a structure consisting of vertical beams (posts) supporting a
horizontal beam (lintel)
paleolithic period - ANS-the era of prehistory that lasted from at least 2 million B.C. to
about 9000 B.C.; also called the Old Stone Age
neolithic period - ANS-the final era of prehistory, which began about 9000 B.C.; also
called the New Stone Age
intramural burial - ANS-graves within a settlement, ie, under the floors of houses.
megalithic - ANS-A large stone used in some prehistoric architecture
corbeling - ANS-layers of flat stones without mortar to form walls with each layer further
inward that the previous
mortise-and-tenon - ANS-a groove cut into stone or wood, called a mortise, that is
shaped to receive a tenon, or projection, of the same dimensions
altar - ANS-a raised structure on which gifts or sacrifices to a god are made
baked brick - ANS-A different building material. Unlike the sun dried adobe, baked brick
could withstand rain, making it more permanent.
bastion - ANS-a strong defense or fort
battered walls - ANS-a wall that slopes inward as it rises
Bitumen - ANS-A degraded petroleum that forms when petroleum migrates to the
surface of Earth and is modified by bacteria.
buttress - ANS-a support or prop
citadel - ANS-fortress
, composite creature - ANS-Creature made with assorted body parts from different
animals usually symbolizes a divinity
fertile crescent - ANS-A geographical area of fertile land in the Middle East stretching in
a broad semicircle from the Nile to the Tigris and Euphrates
glazed brick - ANS-Bricks painted and then kiln fired to fuse the color with the baked
clay.
hypostyle hall - ANS-a hall with a roof supported by columns
lamassu - ANS-Assyrian guardian in the form of a man-headed winged bull
mould made brick - ANS-brick molded into special shapes for use in ornamental
brickwork
offering - ANS-a product, service, activity, experience, or idea offered by a marketing
organization to consumers
relief sculpture - ANS-Sculpture that projects from a flat background
state level society - ANS-Organization of people at a larger scale, not just clans,
families, or large fortified cities. These are societies with broad reaches, spanning
several cities
temple - ANS-place of worship
Tigris and Euphrates - ANS-two rivers that form the outside border of Mesopotamia
true arch - ANS-A curving, often semi-circular arch composed of voussoirs.
urbanism - ANS-The distinctive way of life shared by the people living in a city
votive offering - ANS-a gift of gratitude to a deity
ziggurat - ANS-A pyramid shaped temple tower
ashlar masonry - ANS-carefully cut and grooved stones that support a building without
the use of concrete or other kinds of masonry
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