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Instrument Oral Exam Questions.
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Instrument Oral Exam QuestionsIFR Flight Time Requirements - ANS-a) 50 hours cross country as PIC (at least 10 in
airplanes)
b) 40 hours Instrument (actual or simulated)
c) 15 hours instrument dual training from CFI (in same type)
d) 3 hours instrument training within 60 days prior to test
e) 250 NM cross-country conducted under IFR with 3 different types of approaches
When is Instrument Rating required? - ANS-a) On IFR Flight Plan
b) In Class A Airspace
c) In weather conditions less than VFR
d) Under special VFR within Class B, C, D, and E surface areas between sunset and
sunrise (night)
Recency-of-experience requirements for IFR - ANS-a) 6 instrument approaches, holding
patterns, and intercepting/tracking of courses using navigation aids within the preceding
six months.
b) 3 take-offs and landings within preceding 90 days (full stop at night) to carry
passengers
c) Biennial flight review
If instrument currency expires, what can be done to become current again? -
ANS-Within six months of expiration, complete the requirements (instrument
approaches, holding patterns, and intercepting/tracking courses) with a safety pilot in
simulated IFR conditions only. After that, must get a check with an examiner, authorized
instructor, or FAA-approved person.
Requirements of safety pilot - ANS-a) Possess a current medical certificate
b) Possess a private pilot's license with appropriate category/class ratings
c) If flight is conducted on an IFR flight plan, safety pilot must have instrument rating
Info a PIC must be familiar with before a flight - ANS-All available information, including:
a) weather reports and forecasts
b) fuel requirements
c) alternatives if flight cannot be completed as planned
d) known ATC delays
e) runaway lengths of intended use
f) takeoff and landing distances
,What are fuel requirements for flight in IFR conditions? - ANS-With alternate airport:
enough fuel to fly to intended airport (holding pattern included), then to alternate, then
for 45 minutes after at cruise speed
Without alternate airport: enough to fly to destination airport and land with 45 min fuel
remaining
Before conducting IFR flight using GPS equipment for navigation, what checks should
be made? - ANS-a) verify that GPS equipment is properly installed and certified for
planned IFR
b) verify that database is current (not expired)
c) review the GPS NOTAM/RAIM information for planned route of flight
Aircraft instruments/equipment required for IFR flight - ANS-G - generator or alternator
of sufficient capacity
R - radios for navigation
A - altimeter (sensitive)
B - ball (for turn coordination)
C - clock with sweep-second hand
A - attitude indicator
R - rate-of-turn coordinator
D - directional gyro
D - DME / RNAV (for flight at FL240 and above if VOR equipment necessary for planned
route)
Required tests/inspections of aircraft/equipment for IFR flight - ANS-A - annual
V - VOR (30 days)
1 - 100 hour
A - altimeter (24 months)
T - transponder (24 months)
E - ELT (12 months)
Pitot/static system (within past 24 months)
Portable electronic devices on aircraft - ANS-Not allowed, especially on commercial
operators/carriers or any aircraft operated IFR.
,Exceptions: portable voice recorders, hearing aids, heart pacemakers, electric shavers,
or any other portable electronic devices that will not cause interference with NAV/COM.
Documents on board to be legal for IFR - ANS-A - airworthiness certificate
R - registration certificate
R - radio station license (if international operations)
O - owner's manual or operating limitations
W - weight and balance data
How often is GPS waypoint information updated? - ANS-Every 28 days, and maintained
by National Flight Data Center (NFDC)
When must pilot file an IFR flight plan? - ANS-Prior to departure from within or prior to
entering controlled airspace: submit flight plan and receive clearance from ATC if
weather conditions are below VFR minimums. File 30 minutes prior to departure to
preclude delay in receiving departure clearance.
When can you cancel IFR flight plan? - ANS-Any time the flight is operated during VFR
conditions outside of Class A.
Be aware that other procedures may be applicable in area, such as designated TRSA,
Class C, or Class B.
What type of aircraft equipment determines your "special equipment" suffix when filing
IFR? - ANS-a) radar beacon transponder
b) DME equipment
c) TACAN-only equipment
d) Area Navigation equipment (RNAV) - LORAN, INS
e) Advanced Area Navigation equipment - Global Positioning System (GPS)/Global
Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)
f) Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum (RVSM) authorization
Block 7 of flight plan - altitude specified? - ANS-Initial altitude, make subsequent
requests to controller when in air
***Alternate Airport Requirements*** - ANS-1-2-3 rule: Alternate required if from 1 hour
before to 1 hour after forecast arrival at destination airport has 2000 foot ceilings and
less than 3 SM visibility. Alternate requirements:
a) If IAP is published for alternate, use those minimums, otherwise 600-2 (600 foot
ceilings, 2 SM visibility) for Precision Approach, and 800-2 for Nonprecision Approach
, b) If no IAP has been published, ceiling and visibility minimums are those required for
descent from MEA, approach, and land under basic VFR
Define "ceiling" - ANS-Height above Earth's surface (AGL) of lowest cloud layer defined
as obscured, broken, overcast, but not thin or partial.
What are preferred routes, and where can they be found? - ANS-Routes in high traffic
areas that ATC designates to- and from- busy airports. Found in A/FD
What are Enroute Low-Altitude Charts? - ANS-Provide aeronautical information for
navigation under IFR conditions below 18,000 feet MSL (under Class A). Revised every
56 days.
What are Enroute High-Altitude Charts? - ANS-Provide information for navigation above
18,000 feet MSL. Four-color chart series includes jet route structure; VHF NAVAIDs with
frequency, identification, channel, geographic coordinates; selected airports; reporting
points. Revised every 56 days.
What are "area charts"? - ANS-Area charts show congested terminal areas such as
Dallas/FW or Atlanta at a large scale. They are included with subscriptions to any
conterminous US set Low (Full set, East or West sets). Revised every 56 days.
Where can information on possible navigational aid limitations be found? -
ANS-NOTAMs as well as A/FDs will contain current limitations
What are the required reports for equipment malfunction under IFR-controller airspace?
- ANS-a) Failure of VOR, TACAN, ADF, or low frequency navigation receiver capability
b) GPS anomalies while using IFR-certified GPS/GNSS receivers
c) Complete or partial loss of ILS receiver capability
d) Impairment of air/ground communication capability
e) Loss of any other equipment installed in the aircraft which may impair safety and/or
the ability to operate in IFR
How can IFR clearance be obtained? - ANS-a) At airport with ATC tower in operation,
clearance may be received from ground control or specific clearance delivery frequency
b) At airports without a tower or FSS on field, or in outlying area:
- Clearance may be received over radio through remote communication outlet (RCO) or
over telephone
- Clearance delivery frequency is available that is usable at airports within specific area,
say Class B airspace
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