BIOB100 Exam 2 Questions And 100% Correct Answers Birds- Scientists interested - Answer Robust flight, wide distribution - research- conservation Birds- Origin - Answer Theropods Mammal- First fossil Record - Answer Cynodontia Birds- Characteristics - Answer Vertebrates, bipedal, heterotroph s, endothermic Function of feathers - Answer - flight - insulation - waterproofing - signaling - protection Mammals- Characteristics - Answer 1. Milk production 2. Fur 3. Large brains 4. Specialized teeth 5. Advanced hearing 6. Language Societal Mammals- Origin - Answer Clade of vertebrates -> Synapsids ( 300 mya)-> Cynodont - > mammal Cranial and Post Cranial Change -> mammal - Answer Change in gate , skull shifts- molar ensizers and canines Primates- Characteristics - Answer 1. Grasping 2. Relatively large brain 3. Flat faced 4. Forward looking 5. Complex social behavior 6. Opposable thumbs (dexterity) Great apes (anthropoids) - Answer Humans, orangutans, gorillas, chimpanzees and bonobos Anthropoids - Answer Monkeys and great apes -gibbon, oranguta n, gorilla, chimpanzee, bonobos Old world monkeys vs New world monkeys - Answer - narrow nose - side facing nostrils - prehensile tails —in comparison with the shorter, non-grasping tails of the anthrop oids of the Old World - more molars Hominin evolution sequence proposed - Answer Ardipithecus ramidus - > Australopithecus (Lucy) ->H. Habilis -> H. Erectus-> H. Hediderbeig ensis Panini vs Hominin- taxonomy - Answer Chimps and bonobos - panini, hum ans, Homo sapiens, prehuman relatives- hominin Neanderthals relation to Humans - Answer Neanderthals evolved from h umans ancestors and are a extinct close relative Homo sapiens rise (when and where) - Answer 200,000 ya Europe and Asia Ardipithecus ramidus - Key features - Answer Bipedal, small pointy canines, gr asping big toe, pelvis is mix of bipedal and ape-like features Australopithecus afarensis - Key features - Answer Bipedal, big t oe in line, upper limb suggests some arboreality, small canines, big molars, dimorphic First human evolutionary step- Smarts or Posture - Answer Smarts and po sture evolved together over time to improve survival Humans evolving (past 5000 years) - Answer Brain size decreasing Malaria resistance Salivary amylase (digest starch) Younger age for first reproduction Form follows Function - Answer Optimization, systems promote fitn ess Hierarchy of Animal Structure - Answer cell, tissue, organ, organ syst em, organism
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