ATI RN FUNDAMENTALS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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1. A nurse is caring for a client who has difficulty swallowing. Which of
the following interventions should the nurse take?
a. Encourage the client to drink fluids before eating solid foods. b. Place
the client in a semi-reclining position during meals. c. Instruct the
client to tilt their head forward when swallowing. d. Provide the
client with thin liquids.
Rationale: Tilting the head forward helps to close the airway and reduce
the risk of aspiration.
2. A nurse is providing education to a client about managing
hypertension. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a
need for further teaching?
a. "I should decrease my sodium intake." b. "I can continue to smoke
as long as I monitor my blood pressure regularly." c. "I will exercise
regularly to help manage my blood pressure." d. "I need to limit my
alcohol intake."
Rationale: Smoking increases blood pressure and damages blood
vessels, which can exacerbate hypertension.
3. A nurse is assessing a client who reports difficulty sleeping. Which of
the following actions should the nurse take first?
a. Ask the client about their sleep patterns and routines. b. Suggest
the client take a warm bath before bedtime. c. Recommend the client
avoid caffeine in the evening. d. Provide the client with relaxation
techniques.
,Rationale: Assessing the client's sleep patterns and routines helps to
identify the underlying cause of the sleep disturbance.
4. A nurse is preparing to administer an intramuscular injection to an
adult client. Which of the following sites should the nurse use?
a. Deltoid muscle b. Dorsogluteal muscle c. Vastus lateralis muscle d.
Ventrogluteal muscle
Rationale: The ventrogluteal site is preferred for IM injections in adults
because it is free of major blood vessels and nerves.
5. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of a walker. Which of the
following instructions should the nurse include?
a. "Move the walker ahead about 6 inches while standing on one leg." b.
"Advance the walker while keeping both feet on the ground." c. "Move
the walker ahead about 12 inches and then step into it." d. "Move the
walker ahead and step forward with the weaker leg first."
Rationale: Moving the walker ahead about 12 inches provides a stable
base of support.
6. A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for a low-
sodium diet. Which of the following foods should the nurse
recommend?
a. Canned soup b. Processed cheese c. Fresh fruits d. Smoked meats
Rationale: Fresh fruits are naturally low in sodium and are
recommended for a low-sodium diet.
,7. A nurse is preparing to insert a nasogastric (NG) tube for a client.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take to determine the
length of the tube to insert?
a. Measure from the tip of the nose to the earlobe to the sternum. b.
Measure from the tip of the nose to the xiphoid process. c. Measure
from the tip of the nose to the earlobe to the xiphoid process. d.
Measure from the tip of the nose to the corner of the mouth to the
sternum.
Rationale: Measuring from the tip of the nose to the earlobe to the
xiphoid process ensures that the tube reaches the stomach.
8. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a new
prescription for warfarin. Which of the following statements by the client
indicates a need for further teaching?
a. "I will increase my intake of green leafy vegetables." b. "I will
avoid taking aspirin while on this medication." c. "I will use an electric
razor to shave." d. "I will report any signs of bleeding to my doctor."
Rationale: Green leafy vegetables are high in vitamin K, which can
decrease the effectiveness of warfarin.
9. A nurse is caring for a client who is post-operative following abdominal
surgery. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to prevent
respiratory complications?
a. Encourage the use of an incentive spirometer. b. Provide passive
range of motion exercises. c. Administer pain medication as needed. d.
Apply antiembolic stockings.
Rationale: Using an incentive spirometer encourages deep breathing
and helps prevent atelectasis and pneumonia.
, 10. A nurse is assessing a client who reports feeling anxious and dizzy.
Which of the following assessments should the nurse perform first?
a. Measure the client's blood pressure. b. Obtain the client's oxygen
saturation. c. Ask the client about their current stressors. d. Assess the
client's blood glucose level.
Rationale: Dizziness and anxiety can be symptoms of hypoglycemia,
which requires immediate intervention.
11. A nurse is preparing a sterile field for a dressing change. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take?
a. Pour sterile solution from a height of 6 inches above the field. b. Hold
sterile objects above waist level. c. Open the sterile package with the
flap closest to the body first. d. Place the sterile field below waist level.
Rationale: Holding sterile objects above waist level maintains the
sterility of the objects and the field.
12. A nurse is providing education to a client about preventing urinary
tract infections (UTIs). Which of the following statements by the client
indicates an understanding of the teaching?
a. "I will drink at least 8 ounces of water each hour." b. "I will take
bubble baths to maintain hygiene." c. "I will use feminine hygiene
sprays to reduce odor." d. "I will limit my intake of cranberry juice."
Rationale: Drinking plenty of water helps to flush bacteria from the
urinary tract and prevent UTIs.
13. A nurse is planning care for a client who has a stage 2 pressure ulcer.
Which of the following interventions should the nurse include?
a. Apply a transparent film dressing. b. Apply a dry, sterile dressing. c.
Use a hydrocolloid dressing. d. Use a wet-to-dry dressing.
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