Exam (elaborations)
SPLH 620- EXAM.
- Course
- Institution
Exam of 18 pages for the course SPLH 620- EXAM #2 at SPLH 620- EXAM #2 (SPLH 620- EXAM.)
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
denicetho
Content preview
SPLH 620- EXAMWhat does the nervous system do? - ANS-1. controls and coordinates all body functions
2. senses and interprets information from outside the body
3. transmits info
4. integrate info
5. generate comands
Parts of a neuron - ANS--cell body
-dendrite
-axon
Cell body (soma) - ANS-integrates signal
Dendrites - ANS-a neuron's bushy, branching extensions that receive messages and
conduct impulses toward the cell body
Axons - ANS-a part of a neuron that carries impulses away from the cell body
Neurons are used for: - ANS-message transmission
CNS - ANS-brain and spinal cord
PNS - ANS-somatic nervous system & autonomic nervous system
Anatomical directions - directional - ANS--anterior (rostral)
-posterior (caudal)
-ventral (inferior)
-dorsal (superior)
anterior (rostral); posterior (caudal) - ANS-
ventral/inferior - ANS-
Dorsal - ANS-
Anatomical directions- location in brain - ANS--ipsilateral (1 side)
-contralateral (both sides)
,Anatomical directions- direction of function - ANS--afferent
-efferent
Anatomical Planes - ANS-1. coronal (vertical cut into front and back halves)
2. transverse (horizontal cut into upper and lower)
3. sagittal (vertical cut into left and right halves)
coronal plane - ANS-
transverse plane - ANS-
sagittal plane - ANS-
Cell types in CNS - ANS--neurons: information cells
-glia: support cells
types of glial cells - ANS--astrocytes
-microglia
-oligodendrocytes
-Schwann cells
Astrocytes - ANS--located in CNS
-glial cell that provides support, nutrition, and assists with the signaling of neurons.
Microglia - ANS--located in CNS
-immune cells
Oligodendroglia - ANS--located in CNS
-glial cell that produces myelin sheath to help speed up conduction
-produce myelin for multiple axons
Schwann cells - ANS--located in PNS
-Supporting cells of the PNS responsible for the formation of myelin.
-produce myelin for 1 axon
Myelin - ANS-80% liquid & 20% protein
Myelination - ANS--the process by which axons become coated with myelin, a fatty
substance that speeds the transmission of nerve impulses from neuron to neuron
, -helps keep the impulse strong & fast
Nodes of Ranvier - ANS--gaps in the myelin sheath
-causes the impulse to "jump" from node-to-node & travel more quickly
Having undamaged (healthy) myelin... - ANS-this allows electrical impulses to transmit
info quickly along the nerve fibers
Having damaged myelin... - ANS-makes it more difficult to get a signal quick & clear
from the brain & get it sent to the correct body part... overall makes the impulses slower
& less efficient
types of neurons - ANS--sensory
-motor
-interneurons
sensory neurons - ANS--afferent
-detects changes in the environment & sends info to CNS
motor neurons - ANS--efferent
-neurons that carry signals from the spinal cord to the muscles to produce movement
Interneurons - ANS--neurons located entirely in CNS that communicate internally and
intervene between the sensory inputs and motor outputs
neuron signaling - ANS--electrical
-chemical
electrical signaling - ANS--information flows through neurons
-AP is conducted inside the axon
-the speed of the signal depends on axon diameter & myelination
steps during electrical signaling - ANS-1. dendrites collect the electrical signal/ site of
most synaptic inputs
2. cell body integrates the incoming signal (from dendrites) & sends a signal to the axon
3. axons conduct the AP & send them toward other neurons
chemical signaling - ANS-neurotransmitters bind to chemically gated channel-linked
receptors in nerve and muscle tissue
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller denicetho. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $9.35. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
75759 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now