Psychologische gespreksvoering en interactionele vaardigheden
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Samenvatting Psychologische gespreksvoering
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Psychologische gespreksvoering en interactionele vaardigheden
Institution
Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)
Ik bied mijn uitgebreide samenvatting van de cursus Psychologische Gespreksvoering te koop aan. Hoewel de samenvatting nog niet volledig is, zal ik deze dagelijks bijwerken. Deze gedetailleerde samenvatting is samengesteld op basis van de lespresentaties, mijn eigen aantekeningen en de verplichte l...
Psychologische gespreksvoering en interactionele vaardigheden
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Table of Contents
1 Inleiding en Basishouding.....................................................................5
1.1 Doel en Structuur van de Cursus.................................................5
1.2 Algemene Competenties.............................................................6
1.2.1 Theoretische Interpretatiekaders.......................................................................6
1.2.2 Praktische Toepassing........................................................................................ 6
1.2.3 Persoonlijke Reflectie......................................................................................... 6
1.3 Boodschap.................................................................................7
1.3.1 Vier elementen van een boodschap...................................................................7
1.3.2 Inhouds- en betrekkingsniveau..........................................................................7
1.3.3 Waarden en normen.......................................................................................... 7
1.4 Basishouding en Waarden..........................................................8
1.4.1 Gelijkwaardigheid en Betrouwbaarheid..............................................................8
1.4.2 Niet in Defensie Gaan........................................................................................8
1.4.3 Empowerment en Aansluiting............................................................................8
1.4.4 Grenzen Stellen................................................................................................. 9
1.5 Basishouding in Gespreksvoering...............................................9
1.5.1 Rogeriaanse Basisprincipes...............................................................................9
1.5.2 Expressievormen van empathie.......................................................................12
1.6 Hoekstenen.............................................................................13
1.6.1 Gelijkwaardigheid:...........................................................................................13
1.6.2 Betrouwbaarheid:............................................................................................ 13
1.6.3 Niet in defensie gaan:......................................................................................14
1.6.4 Empowerment:................................................................................................ 14
1.6.5 Aansluiting zoeken:.......................................................................................... 14
1.6.6 Grenzen stellen:...............................................................................................14
1.6.7 Nice to know, need to know:............................................................................14
1.7 Literatuur: Een therapeutische relatie: Gids voor gesprekstherapie
....................................................................................................15
1.7.1 Inleiding........................................................................................................... 15
1.7.2 Het Belang van de Therapeutische Relatie......................................................15
1.7.3 Empathie in de Therapie..................................................................................15
1.7.4 Authenticiteit van de Therapeut......................................................................15
1.7.5 Onvoorwaardelijke Positieve Waardering.........................................................16
1.7.6 Actief Luisteren................................................................................................ 16
1.7.7 Reflectieve Reacties.........................................................................................16
1.7.8 Humanistische Therapie..................................................................................17
1.7.9 Cliëntgerichte Therapie...................................................................................17
1.7.10 Theoretische Fundamenten...........................................................................18
1.7.11 Conclusie....................................................................................................... 18
2 Klinische Observatie en Taal in Therapie..............................................20
2.1 Effectiviteit en Resultaten van Psychotherapie..........................20
2.1.1 Effectiviteit van Psychotherapie.......................................................................20
2.1.2 Therapie Resultaat Factoren............................................................................21
2.2 Therapeutische Relatie en Vaardigheden...................................21
2.2.1 Therapeutische Relatie....................................................................................21
2.2.2 Empathie in Therapie.......................................................................................23
2.2.3 Reflectieve Praktijk..........................................................................................23
2.2.4 Therapeutische Vaardigheden.........................................................................23
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, 2.3 Zelfreflectie en Verschillen in Effectiviteit.................................24
2.3.1 Zelfreflectie.................................................................................................... 24
2.3.2 Verschillen in Reflectie.....................................................................................24
2.3.3 Doelstelling...................................................................................................... 24
2.3.4 Kernpunten...................................................................................................... 24
2.3.5 Verschillen in Therapeutische Effectiviteit.......................................................25
2.4 Behandelmodellen en Onderzoek..............................................25
2.4.1 Behandelmodellen........................................................................................... 25
2.4.2 Empirisch Onderzoek.......................................................................................26
2.5 Gezinstherapie in praktijk (Rober 2012)....................................26
2.5.1 Kernpunten...................................................................................................... 27
2.5.2 Praktische Toepassing......................................................................................27
2.6 Innerlijke Dialoog.....................................................................27
2.6.1 Kernpunten van de Innerlijke Dialoog..............................................................28
2.6.2 Reflectie........................................................................................................... 28
2.6.3 Toepassing in de Praktijk..................................................................................29
2.7 De Persoon van de Hulpverlener...............................................29
2.7.1 Wat?................................................................................................................ 29
2.7.2 Omschrijvingen van Mastertherapeuten..........................................................29
2.7.3 Cognitive, Emotional and Relational Model (CER)............................................29
2.7.4 Volgorde van Belangrijkheid in CER Model.......................................................30
2.8 Literatuur: Het innerlijk gesprek van de therapeut.....................31
2.8.1 Inleiding........................................................................................................... 31
2.8.2 Interne Dialogen en Zelfbewustzijn..................................................................31
2.8.3 Empathie en Emotieregulatie..........................................................................31
2.8.4 Praktijkvoorbeelden en Reflectie......................................................................32
2.8.5 Complexiteit van Therapeutische Interacties...................................................32
2.8.6 Richtlijnen voor Therapeuten...........................................................................32
2.8.7 Conclusie......................................................................................................... 33
2.9 Literatuur: Jennings CER Model: Expertise in Counseling and
Psychotherapy...............................................................................33
2.9.1 Inleiding.......................................................................................................... 33
2.9.2 Cognitieve vaardigheden.................................................................................33
2.9.3 Ervaringsgerichte vaardigheden......................................................................33
2.9.4 Relationele vaardigheden................................................................................33
2.9.5 Integratie van dimensies.................................................................................34
2.9.6 Continu leren................................................................................................... 34
2.9.7 Theoretische kennis......................................................................................... 34
2.9.8 Conclusie......................................................................................................... 35
3 Emoties hanteren in de gesprekskamer: Overdracht en Tegenoverdracht
............................................................................................................ 36
3.1 Doelen van de Therapie............................................................36
3.1.1 Veilige Ruimte Creëren....................................................................................36
3.1.2 Hanteren van Verleden en Heden....................................................................36
3.2 Rol van de Therapeut...............................................................36
3.3 Overdracht en Tegenoverdracht................................................37
3.3.1 Overdracht....................................................................................................... 37
3.3.2 Tegenoverdracht..............................................................................................37
3.4 Belangrijke Emotionele Thema's................................................37
3.4.1 Angst............................................................................................................... 37
3.4.2 Kwaadheid....................................................................................................... 38
3.4.3 Schuld en Schaamte........................................................................................38
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, 3.4.4 Verdriet............................................................................................................ 39
3.4.5 Angst............................................................................................................... 39
3.4.6 Verlies en Rouw............................................................................................... 40
3.4.7 Afwezigheid van Emoties.................................................................................40
3.4.8 Crisis en Suïcidegedachten..............................................................................41
3.5 Therapeutische Benaderingen..................................................41
3.5.1 Focusing Therapy............................................................................................. 41
3.5.2 EFT (Emotionally Focused Therapy) for Couples..............................................41
3.6 Praktische Voorbeelden en Technieken......................................42
3.6.1 Lichaamstaal Lezen......................................................................................... 42
3.6.2 Gebruik van Metaforen....................................................................................42
3.6.3 Imaginaire Technieken.....................................................................................42
3.6.4 Emotionele Exposure.......................................................................................42
3.6.5 Schrijfopdrachten............................................................................................ 42
3.6.6 Empathische Reflecties....................................................................................43
3.6.7 Attunement...................................................................................................... 43
3.6.8 Omgaan met Ontevredenheid.........................................................................43
3.7 Literatuur: Psychosociale Gespreksvoering"..............................44
3.7.1 Inleiding........................................................................................................... 44
3.7.2 Doel van het boek............................................................................................ 44
3.7.3 Emotionele Intelligentie...................................................................................44
3.7.4 Empathie in Gesprekken.................................................................................45
3.7.5 Actief Luisteren................................................................................................ 45
3.7.6 Gestructureerde Aanpak..................................................................................46
3.7.7 Casestudy's en Voorbeelden............................................................................47
3.7.8 Reflectie en Feedback......................................................................................47
3.7.9 Praktische Tips en Strategieën.........................................................................48
3.7.10 Toepassingen in Verschillende Contexten......................................................49
3.7.11 Conclusie....................................................................................................... 50
3.8 Literatuur: Hoe negatieve gevoelens ten opzichte van de cliënt uit
te spreken?...................................................................................50
3.8.1 Inleiding:.......................................................................................................... 50
3.8.2 Inleiding en Probleemstelling...........................................................................50
3.8.3 Belang van Echtheid en Congruentie...............................................................50
3.8.4 Benaderingen..................................................................................................51
3.8.5 Strategieën voor Metacommunicatie...............................................................51
3.8.6 Zelfonthulling.................................................................................................. 52
3.8.7 Relationele hier-en-nu-beleving.......................................................................52
3.8.8 Zelfonthulling in de Praktijk.............................................................................52
3.8.9 Feedback en Confrontatie................................................................................52
3.8.10 Verantwoordelijkheid en Positieve Intentie....................................................52
3.8.11 Empathie voor de Cliënt................................................................................53
3.8.12 Interpersoonlijke Patronen Herkennen...........................................................53
3.8.13 Nieuw Gedrag Verkennen..............................................................................53
3.8.14 Cyclisch Proces van Metacommunicatie........................................................53
3.8.15 Conclusie....................................................................................................... 54
4 Therapiestromingen............................................................................54
4.1 Inleiding tot Therapie Stammen en Therapeutische Posities.......54
4.1.1 Therapie Stammen:.........................................................................................54
4.1.2 Rol van de Therapeut:......................................................................................54
4.1.3 Visie op de Therapeut:.....................................................................................54
4.1.4 Therapeutische Relatie:...................................................................................55
4.2 Cognitieve Gedragstherapie (CGT)............................................55
4.2.1 Fundamentele Componenten...........................................................................55
4.2.2 Aanvullende Componenten van CGT................................................................56
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