Exam (elaborations)
Arch 303.
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Exam of 6 pages for the course AE 421 - Week 2 at AE 421 - Week 2 (Arch 303.)
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Arch 303What is BiPv? - ANS-Building Integrated Photovoltaics
What are the three main typs of photovoltaics? - ANS-Monocrystalline Silicon,
Polcrystaline Silicon, and Amorphus Silicon
What are the advantages and disadvantages of 'Thin-Film' Photovoltaics -
ANS-Advantages: Cheaper, Not effected by shading, flexible, many application options.
Disadvantages: Low efficiency, loss of wattage per sq. ft. installed, heat retention
What determins the efficiency of a PV Panel? - ANS-Efficiency is defined as the ratio of
energy output from the solar cell to input energy from the sun.
What re the primary design strategies associated with BIPV? - ANS-1) Envelope-roof
ventilated facade Example-Bulitt center. 2) Surface. Example- Green Pix Zero-Energy
Wall
What Factors influence the dimensions of the Bullitt Center (Seattle, Miller + hull) roof
design - ANS-There are on average 226 cloudy days a year in Seattle, they designed
the oversize roof to allow an excess of energy from march to september to power the
building for the rest of the year.
How is power defined? - ANS-F=ma
What is the approximate power density of solare radiation on a clear day and a normal
surface in Watt per Meter(Squared)? - ANS-1366 W/m^2
What are the definitions of three angles which define the geometric relationships
between earth and sun> - ANS-Solar altitude, Zenith and Azimuth Angles
What is the Zenith Angle? - ANS-The angle from directly overhead to the geometric
center of the suns disc
What is the Azimuth Angle? - ANS-The compass direction from which the sunlight is
coming.
What are the common types of photovoltaic cells and what is their approximate
efficiency? - ANS-Monocrystalline Silicon-25%
, Polycrystalline Silicon-20%
What is light? - ANS-radient energy that is capable of exciting the retina and producing
a visual sensation
What is the difference between luminance and illuminance? - ANS-Luminance is the
density of luminous intensity in a given direction and falls within a given solid angle.
Illumiinance is the density of photons which fall within a given surface area.
What are the three types of surface reflectance? - ANS-Specular (Polished Surface),
Spread (Rough Surface), Diffuse( matte Surface)
What is glare? - ANS-Glare is visual physical discomfort caused by high contrast or
luminous intensity
How can Daylight simulations prevent glare? - ANS-Daylight simulations can be used to
tell how much glare a room will have, allowing the designer to adapt the design to better
prevent glare.
What is Daylight Factor? - ANS-A ratio between external illuminance and interior
illuminance, it describes the distribution of illumination in a space and can be used to
predict solar gain and prevent glare.
What is a Lumen? - ANS-A lumen is the SI derived unit of luminous flux, a measure of
the total amount of visible light emitted by a source
What is Lamp Efficacy? - ANS-The ratio of a lamps light output to its power input
How do we estimate glare? - ANS-Radiance renderings
What is the difference between Lux and Footcandles? - ANS-Lux: 1 Lux= 1 Lumen/m^2
Footcandle: 1 Footcandle = 1 lumen/ft^2
What causes Glare? - ANS-High contrast or luminous intensity
Why is Luminaire Candela Curve important? - ANS-It explains how light is scattered
from the luminaire.
What is a .ies file for a luminaire? - ANS-It shows the photometric curve for the
luminaire
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