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DAT BIOLOGY Questions with 100% correct answers _ verified
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DAT BIOLOGY5 conditions for Hardy-Weinberg; - ✅✅-1. Random Mating
2. No natural selection
3. No migration or emigration
4. Large population
5. No mutations
Aa x Ab (monohybrid cross): - ✅✅ -Genotypic ratio: 1 AA: 2 Aa : 1 aa
Phenotypic ratio: 3 dominant: 1 recessive
AaBb x BbBb (dihybrid cross) - ✅✅-Genotypic ratio: too complex to
memorize
Phenotypic Ratio - 9 : 3 : 3 :1
9 dominant for both traits
3 dominant for A, not B
3 dominant for B, not A
about the factors that may affect the enzyme in question: - ✅✅-- High temp:
can cause denaturation of enzyme
- Acidic/Basic pH: inactivation of enzyme
- Concentration of Substrate and Enzyme
- Co-Factors: inorganic molecules (ex. Fe in hemoglobin)
- Co-Enzymes: organic molecules (ex biotin)
Active transport comes into two types: - ✅✅ -1) Primary: where ATP is
directly used to build a gradient
2) Secondary: where one gradient is used to build a different gradient
Alcohol Fermentation: - ✅✅ -- yeast and some bacteria
- pyruvate (from glycolysis) converted to ethanol
Anabolic reactions: - ✅✅-- build up large chemicals and require energy
Anaphase - ✅✅ -- centromeres split, each chromatid has own centromere-
sister chromatids separate
- sister chromatids pulled to opposite poles- shortening spindle fibers
Anaphase I - ✅✅-- homologous pairs separate, pulled to opposite poles
(disjunction)
,- Random mixing of maternal and paternal origin - Medelian Law
Animalia - ✅✅ -animals are multicellular eukaryotes with specialized cells
that lack cell walls. They are also usually mobile
Aphotic zone: - ✅✅ -- beneath the photic zone
- receives no sunlight
- only heterotrophs exist here
- nekton and benthos
-habitat is fiercely competitive
✅✅-- building up of new tissues from digested food materials
Assimilation: -
Autotrophic aerobes: - ✅✅-- green plants and phytoplankton
Autotrophic anaerobes include: - ✅✅-- chemosynthetic bacteria
autotrophs: - ✅✅-- manufacture their own food
- green plants
Behavioral display: - ✅✅ -- visual signals used to communicate with other
individuals
- ex. deer tais, mating displays
Biosphere: - ✅✅ -- include all portions of the planet that support life:
atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere
Brownian Movement - ✅✅ -- kinetic energy spreads small suspended
particles throughout the cytoplasm of cell
Catabolic reactions: - ✅✅-- break down large chemicals and release energy
Cell Theory: - ✅✅ -1. all living things are composed of cells
2. cell is the basic fundamental unit of life
3. chemical reactions of life take place inside the cell
4. cells arise from pre-existing cells
5. cells carry genetic information in the form of DNA - passed from parent to
daughter cell
, Cellular Respiration produces ______ ATP per glucose molecule. - ✅✅-- 36
to 38
centrioles -✅✅ -- microtubule involved in spindle organization during cell
division, not bound by a membrane
- PLANT CELLS DO NOT CONTAIN CENTRIOLES
✅✅
Centromeres line up at the equatorial plate during ________. -
-METAPHASE
Chromosomal breakage: - ✅✅ -- may occur spontaneously
OR
- be induced by environmental factors
- chromosome that loses fragment is said to have a deficiency
✅✅
Chromosomes condense, shorten and coil during ________. -
-PROPHASE
Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs) -✅✅
-Location: Mitochondrial matrix (aerobic)
Uses: Acetyl CoA
Produces: NADH, FADH2, GTP (ATP)
Classical conditioning: -✅✅ -- pairing unconditioned (food) and conditioned
(bell) stimuli to create a conditioned response (salivating @ bell)
- Pavlov's dogs
Climax community: - ✅✅-- a fully established community in equilibrium
Coevolution - ✅✅ -Different species evolve together because they depend
on each other. For example, the evolution of a humming bird's beak and a
flower to fit the shape of the beak.
Commensalism: - ✅✅ -- one species benefits while the other is unaffected
- ex. remoras and sharks
Communities: - ✅✅ -- consists of populations of different plants and animal
species interacting with each other in a given environment
Conjugation - ✅✅ -- sexual mating in bacteria
- transfer of genetic material between two bacteria that are temporarily joined
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