Examen
Contract Law_ Estoppel Questions with 100% correct answers | verified | latest update 2024
- Cours
- Établissement
Contract Law_ Estoppel Questions with 100% correct answers | verified | latest update 2024
[Montrer plus]
Vendeur
S'abonner
Hkane
Avis reçus
Aperçu du contenu
Contract Law: EstoppelWhat is the doctrine of Estoppel?
prevents individuals from making an assertion or claim, even by actions or behavior, and
later denying it.
1. Estoppel by Representation (Traditional Estoppel)
=> where the statement made is one of existing fact
e.g.
I say "X does not owe me €100";
I will at common law be estopped from denying the truth of this declaration.
AS OPPOSED TO
me saying "you owe me €11 but pay me €6; I do not intend at any time to recover the
balance";
this is a statement of intention in law = Estoppel will not operate.
What is the effect of the traditional estoppel approach?
EXCLUSIONARY
= promisor is estopped from pleading or introducing facts which vary or contradict the
representation already made.
Traditional Estoppel per L.Birkenhead in Maclaine v Getty [1921]
Where A has by his words or conduct justified B in believing that a certain state of facts
exists, and B has acted upon such belief to his prejudice, A is not permitted to affirm against
B that a different state of facts existed at the same time.
Jorden v Money (1854)
Facts -
Promisor led promisee to believe that she would not seek to recover a debt. Consequently
promisee took on family commitments which he submitted he would not otherwise have
done (cause costly), and he sought a declaration that the debt was irrecoverable.
Legal Issue -
is the promisor estopped from recovering debt?
Judgement - NO
,=>DoE by representation only operated on statements of existing FACT and not statements
of LAW / representations of future intentions
McNeill v Miller [1907]
Facts -
P left car at D's garage for repair. P was told that the Ds had insurance cover and, acting on
this, did not obtain separate insurance. When the car was destroyed by fire it turned out the
D did not actuallly have insurance; P sued
Legal Question -
Is P entitled to sue for insurance?
Judgement -
=> no contract of insurance existed; so technically D could claim that P had no right to
insurance costs
BUT
=> estopped from doing this because
there had been a MISREPRESENTATION OF FACT upon which P had acted.
Precise phrasing of L.O'Brien in McNeill
"There was a representation made that a certain stage of things existed in point of fact"
Doran v Thomas Thompson & Sons Ltd [1978]
Facts -
P employed by D, injured at workplace. P's solicitor begin correspondance w D's insurer wrt
medical examination, so P initially doesn't take action against D. When he does eventually, it
falls outside time period imposed by Statute of limitations.
Legal Issue -
Are the Ds estopped by their conduct from relying on SoL Act?
, => P contested that words and conduct of the defendants' insurers led the P's solicitor to
believe that the case was a clear one: liability would not be contested, and would be settled
without instituting proceedings.
Judgement - no
=> the promise/assurance made by words or conduct must be
CLEAR and UNAMBIGUOUS , intended to affect legal relations
=> the party must have acted upon it, altering his legal position
to his own DETRIMENT
N.B. in this case, D (+insurers) never accepted or admitted liability and never represented
that they did; on facts nothing in their conduct implied this
=> Silence may amount to a representation ONLY when there is a duty to disclose and the
silence is deliberate.
The Governor & Company of the Bank of Ireland -v- Reilly & Anor [2023]
affirmed the principle in Doran:
the party seeking to invoke estoppel must demonstrate that they relied on the representation
to their DETRIMENT
Promissory Estoppel (6 key points)
triggered when a claimant has acted to her detriment on the basis of a promise that another
party will not enforce his strict
Key points:
1. may be by words or conduct.
2. must be clear and unambiguous
3. Shield; not sword
4. must be inequitable for promisor to retract promise
5. detrimental reliance is necessary
6. doctrine suspends legal rights
Les avantages d'acheter des résumés chez Stuvia:
Qualité garantie par les avis des clients
Les clients de Stuvia ont évalués plus de 700 000 résumés. C'est comme ça que vous savez que vous achetez les meilleurs documents.
L’achat facile et rapide
Vous pouvez payer rapidement avec iDeal, carte de crédit ou Stuvia-crédit pour les résumés. Il n'y a pas d'adhésion nécessaire.
Focus sur l’essentiel
Vos camarades écrivent eux-mêmes les notes d’étude, c’est pourquoi les documents sont toujours fiables et à jour. Cela garantit que vous arrivez rapidement au coeur du matériel.
Foire aux questions
Qu'est-ce que j'obtiens en achetant ce document ?
Vous obtenez un PDF, disponible immédiatement après votre achat. Le document acheté est accessible à tout moment, n'importe où et indéfiniment via votre profil.
Garantie de remboursement : comment ça marche ?
Notre garantie de satisfaction garantit que vous trouverez toujours un document d'étude qui vous convient. Vous remplissez un formulaire et notre équipe du service client s'occupe du reste.
Auprès de qui est-ce que j'achète ce résumé ?
Stuvia est une place de marché. Alors, vous n'achetez donc pas ce document chez nous, mais auprès du vendeur Hkane. Stuvia facilite les paiements au vendeur.
Est-ce que j'aurai un abonnement?
Non, vous n'achetez ce résumé que pour $7.99. Vous n'êtes lié à rien après votre achat.
Peut-on faire confiance à Stuvia ?
4.6 étoiles sur Google & Trustpilot (+1000 avis)
78600 résumés ont été vendus ces 30 derniers jours
Fondée en 2010, la référence pour acheter des résumés depuis déjà 14 ans
Récemment vu par vous
Examen ·
Module #14 Computer Concepts Exam Questions and correct Answers, 2024.
