History Essay USA Issue 6
Introduction
Context - In the early part of the 20th century, life was very difficult for many Black
Americans, particularly those in the South, who were affected by KKK violence, segregation
due to Jim Crow Laws, and voting restrictions.
Factors - This essay will examine the effectiveness of the Civil Rights movement in meeting
the needs of black Americans by highlighting the role of the SCLC and MLK, the role of the
NAACP and CORE, changes in federal policy, social, economic and political changes, and
the resultant rise of black radical movements.
LoA - It can be argued that the civil rights movement was successful in meeting the needs of
Black Americans up to 1968 to a certain extent however there were clearly limitations to its
effectiveness.
Role of the SCLC and MLK - Knowledge
Martin Luther King emerged as the leader of the Civil Rights Movement following his
involvement in the Montgomery Bus Boycott in 1955. King persuaded the black community
to support Rosa Parks by refusing to ride city buses following her arrest.
Role of the SCLC and MLK - Analysis
This was effective in meeting the needs of black people because the Montgomery Bus
Boycott lasted for over a year and only ended after the US Supreme Court ordered that
buses should be desegregated. This gave black Americans more equality as they no longer
had to give up their seat for white people.
Role of the SCLC and MLK - Knowledge 2
Furthermore, Martin Luther King gave his famous "I have a dream" speech at the march on
Washington in 1963.
Role of the SCLC and MLK - Analysis+
However, the improvements that King was able to achieve in the South such as
desegregation and voting rights were largely irrelevant in the North, where economic issues
were prominent. The failure of Kings campaign in Chicago suggested he was unable to fix
the problems in the North.
NAACP and Core - Knowledge
In 1954 the NAACP took the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka case to the Supreme
Court on behalf of the Brown family and won, resulting in segregation in schools being
deemed unconstitutional.
In 1961, CORE organised Sit-ins and freedom rides from Washington to Mississippi also.
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