Urinary system multiple-choice
questions
A disease caused by inadequate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) by the pituitary
gland with symptoms of polyuria is
A) diabetes mellitus
B) diabetes insipidus
C) diabetic acidosis
D) coma - correct answer-diabetes insipidus
Alcohol acts as a diuretic because it
A) is not reabsorbed by the tubule cells
B) increases the rate of glomerular filtration
C) increases secretion of ADH
D) inhibits the release of ADH - correct answer-inhibits the release of ADH
An important characteristic of urine is its specific gravity or density, which is
A) 1.041-1.073
B) 1.001-1.035
C) 1.030-1.040
D) 1.000-1.015 - correct answer-1.001-1.035
An increase in the permeability of the cells of the collecting tubule to water is due to
A) a decrease in the production of ADH
B) an increase in the production of ADH
C)an increase in the production of aldosterone
D) an decrease in the concentration of the blood plasma - correct answer-an increase in the
production of ADH
As the renal artery approaches the kidney, it branches to supply the renal tissue. Place the
following in correct sequence starting from the renal artery 1. segmental 2. cortical radiate 3.
arcuate 4. interlobar
A) 1,4,3,2
B) 3,1,4,2
C) 1,2,3,4
D) 1,4,2,3 - correct answer-1,4,3,2
Blood vessels of the renal columns are called
A) lobar
B) segmental
C) interlobar
D) cortical radiate - correct answer-interlobar
Excretion of dilute urine requires
A) relative permeability of the distal tubule to water
, B) impermeability of the collecting tubule to water
C) transport of sodium and chloride ions out of the descending loop of Henle
D) the presence of ADH - correct answer-impermeability of the collecting tubule to water
Fetal kidneys do not have to work very hard because
A) fetuses do not have any waste to excrete
B) there are no functional nephrons until after birth
C) the placenta allows the mother's urinary system to clear the waste from fetal blood
D) there is no way a fetus could excrete urine until the seventh month of development -
correct answer-the placenta allows the mother's urinary system to clear the waste from fetal
blood
If one says that the clearance value of glucose is zero, what does this mean
A) the glucose molecule is too large to be filtered out of the blood
B) most of the glucose is filtrated out of the blood and is not reabsorbed in the convoluted
tubules
C) normally all the glucose is reabsorbed
D) the clearance value of glucose is relatively high in a healthy adult - correct
answer-normally all the glucose is reabsorbed
If the Tm for a particular amino acid is 120mg/100ml and the concentration of that amino
acid in the blood is 230mg/100ml the amino acid
A) will be actively secreted into the filtrate
B) will be completely reabsorbed by the tubule cells
C) will appear in the urine
D) will be reabsorbed by secondary active transport - correct answer-will appear in the urine
In the ascending limb of the loop of Henle
A) the thin segment is freely permeable to water
B) the thick segment is permeable to water
C) the thin segment is not permeable to sodium and chloride
D) the thick segment moves ions out into interstitial spaces for reabsorption - correct
answer-the thick segment moves ions out into interstitial spaces for reabsorption
Most electrolyte reabsorption by the renal tubules___
A) is not Tm limited
B) is in the distal convoluted tubule
C) is hormonally controlled in distal tubule segments
D) is completed by the time the loop of Henle us reached - correct answer-is hormonally
controlled in distal tubule segments
Place the following in correct sequence from the following of a drop of urine to its elimination
from the body 1. major calyx 2. minor calyx 3. nephron 4. urethra 5. ureter 6. collecting duct
A) 3,1,2,6,5,4
B) 6,3,2,1,5,4
C) 2,1,3,6,5,4
D) 3,6,2,1,5,4 - correct answer-3,6,2,1,5,4
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