Exam (elaborations)
Gender and Women's Studies 101B
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Gender and Women's Studies 101B
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Gender and Women's Studies 101BHow does the media play a role in societal legitimation? - ANS-It creates an image of
our society as the best of all possible worlds and communicates that message to the
common person.
What do scholars suggest with the term "symbolic annihilation"? - ANS-That the
underrepresentation of women in media renders women invisible and sends a message
that they do not matter.
What is "sexualization," in comparison with healthy sexuality? - ANS--When a person's
value comes only from his or her sexual appeal or behavior to the exclusion of other
characteristics
-When a person is held to a standard that equates physical attractiveness (narrowly
defined) with being sexy or is sexually objectified
-When sexuality is inappropriately imposed upon a person
(Any of the above)
What is "self-objectification"? - ANS-When women and girls "buy" sexualized images in
the media and start to behave in ways consistent with them
What does "reception theory" argue about media's effects? - ANS-That viewers,
listeners, and readers are not just passive receivers but rather engage in thinking about
and giving meanings to what they take in
What is coverture? - ANS-The doctrine that defined marriage as a unity in which
husband and wife became one, and that "one" was the husband
What is the effect of the "motherhood penalty" or "mommy tax" on working women? -
ANS-Women's income declined by 7% for each child they had
How is the United States unique in the developed world in terms of its policy toward new
parents? - ANS-It lacks any publicly funded paid leave for new parents
What does the "fragile families" group emphasize about fatherhood? - ANS-That fathers
and mothers should work as a team to raise children
When did LGBT characters stop being nearly invisible on TV? - ANS-1970's
, What are two stereotypes of masculinity that have been persistent in advertising? -
ANS-The sturdy oak and the big wheel
What is the age of women who are dramatically over-represented on television shows?
- ANS-Their 30's
What are emphasized femininities? - ANS-Dominant images of the supposedly ideal
women; includes dependence, sexual receptivity, motherhood, and subordination by
men
What gender is relatively absent in video games, with only 14% of characters? -
ANS-Women and girls
How is marriage different from other contracts? - ANS-Its details are specified, and
when it ends through divorce, the state makes the final decision over nearly all
arrangements
Why are women more likely to be widowed than men? - ANS-Women usually marry
men who are older
What did the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) of 1997 declare? - ANS-That marriage
consists of only heterosexual (straight) people (male and female)
What assumption is the Temporary Aid to Need Families (TANF) based on? - ANS-That
failure to marry causes poverty
What are two beliefs of the "motherhood mystique"? - ANS--Mothers must be highly
involved
-Mothers are the best providers of childs emotional needs
In what ways are healthy data about Cuba exceptional? - ANS-It is a poor country, but
its citizens receive first-class public health care
How is masculinity itself a health risk? - ANS-Ideologies of masculinity have encouraged
men to take up risky pursuits lest they be thought of as unmasculine
How does the health status of Americans rate among industrialized nations? - ANS-It
ranks higher than all but one developed nation
When was abortion legalized in the United States? - ANS-1973
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