Exam (elaborations)
CDCA local anesthesia exam review.
- Course
- Institution
CDCA local anesthesia exam review.
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
denicetho
Content preview
CDCA local anesthesia exam reviewwhich has thicker cortical plate, maxillary or mandibular? - ANS-mandibular (this
decreased the amount of the local anesthesia molecules that can penetrate to nerves
during infiltration injections)
due to the thickness of cortical bone, which is a good option for local anesthetic in the
mandibular arch during infiltrations? - ANS-Articaine (Septocaine) is sometimes
effective for mand. infiltrations (4% vs. 2% for lidocaine) due to the increased number of
molecules
hematomas are most common with which type of injection, and why? - ANS-PSA due to
nicking a vessel in the pterygoid plexus of veins
what is the TX for a hematoma? - ANS-pressure, cold compresses on/off, NSAIDS, and
time.
a positive aspiration when administering a PSA is due to what? - ANS-aspirating
hemorrhage caused by injection
what are the three most common locations for hematomas to occur? - ANS-1. PSA
2. IA
3. mental
blanching of the tissue following/during an injection is caused by what? -
ANS-vasospasm/vasoconstriction caused by epinephrine or brushing against autonomic
nerves stimulation vasospasm
the pterygomandibular space/triangle is bordered by what anatomical structures? -
ANS-ramus, lateral pterygoid muscle, and medial pterygoid muscle
the pterygomandibular space/triangle is identified intra-orally by what? - ANS-pterygoid
hamulus (palpation), coronoid notch (palpation), and pterygomandibular raphe (visual)
the mandibular foramen lies approx. __________________________ of the distance
from the anterior border of the ramus to the posterior border - ANS-1/2 to 2/3
, Antero-posteriorly, the greater palatine foramen is located between the
___________________________. - ANS-middle oft he maxillary second molar and the
middle of the third molar in about 80-90% of patients.
all arteries leading to the oral cavity receive blood from what? - ANS-external carotid
(most are direct or indirect branches from the maxillary artery with the exception of the
lingula -- this is a direct branch from the external carotid)
veins from the oral cavity will drain into what? - ANS-internal jugular (both internal and
external drain into the brachiocephalic veins which drain to the superior vena cava
do myelinated or un-myelinated nerves create faster impulse? - ANS-myelinated
(impulses jump from node to node -- node of ranvier)
what is saltatory conduction? - ANS-the process of nerve impulses jumping from nodes
of ranvier along a myelinated nerve
what is the resting potential charges of a nerve? - ANS-inside is negative and outside is
positive
what molecules are predominately outside/inside at resting potential? - ANS-Na+
outside and K+ inside
what is depolarization? - ANS-Na+ channels open , Na+ flows in reversing polarity; K+
flows out to restore neutrality; the Na+ and K+ pumps restore polarity (resting potential)
what is the mechanism of action for local anesthetics? - ANS-blocks the Na+ channels
preventing depolarization
what is the basic structure of anesthetics? - ANS-aromatic ring (lipid soluble),
intermediate chain (amide or ester configuration), and terminal amine (able to ionize
and become water soluble)
lipophilic vs. hydrophyllic - ANS-lipophilic is lipid soluble and hydrophyllic is water
soluble
what makes the terminal amine so important to the structure of local anesthetic? -
ANS-this allows the local anesthetic to the both lipid soluble and water soluble at the
apporpriate times (ex: hydrophyllic for dilution and pH control; lipophyllic in order to
penetrate neuron cell membrane; hydrophyllic to block Na+ channels)
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller denicetho. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $9.35. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
78075 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now