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Bonent Reveiw Section VIII Water Treatment
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Bonent Reveiw Section VIII Water Treatment
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Bonent Reveiw Section VIII WaterTreatment
Microbiological
Inorganic
Organic - ANS-The main group(s) of water contamminants is (are)
Patient exposure to water is 25 times greater - ANS-Water can be considered safe for
drinking, but not necessarily safe for dialysis treatment because the
True - ANS-Aluminum, fluoride, and chloramine chemicals are added by municipalities
to drinking water supplies
Impurities and toxins can foul dialysis machines.
Patients are exposed to a large amount of water.
Impurities may enter the blood through the dialyzer and can cause toxicity.
Calcium and magnesium can cause a hard water syndrome. - ANS-What are reasons
for water treatment in dialysis units
Hemolysis - ANS-Chloramine exposure during hemodialysis may cause
True - ANS-Softening is defined as the exchange of calcium and magnesium ions for
sodium ions.
True - ANS-During softening, sodium levels are increased in proportion to the amount of
calcium And magnesium removed
Shall not exceed 200 cfu/mL - ANS-According to AAMI standards, the total microbial
count of water use to prepare dialysate
Shall not exceed 200 cfu/mL - ANS-According to AAMI standards the total microbial
count for dialysate
Monthly - ANS-According to AAMI standards bacteriological testing for water and
dialysate should be done
Yearly - ANS-According to AAMI standards when water purification devices are used
testing for chemical contamminants in the water should be done at least
, Subtracting free chloramine from total chlorine - ANS-Testing for chloramine levels in a
dialysis unit is done by
True - ANS-Chloroform and reactive agents such as hypochloride are the main
contaminants removed by carbon absorption
10 minutes - ANS-According to AAMI to remove chloramines effectively, the minimum
empty bed contact time EBCT in the carbon tank is at least
Cellulose membrane - ANS-Bleach can be used to disinfect the system
Polyamide membrane - ANS-Tolerance of a wide pH range
Thin film composites membrane - ANS-Subject to degradation by oxidants (such as free
chlorine)
Decreases - ANS-As the total dissolved solids (TDS) contents of the water increases,
the product water recovery
Fever,chill - ANS-Bacterial exposure from water may cause what symptoms
Bacteria - ANS-What can be removed by filtration
Absorption - ANS-Carbon tanks work on the principle of
Multimedia filtration - ANS-The filter that removes particulates from the water is called
To inhibit proliferation of algae - ANS-Sediment filtration should have an opaque
housing
Discourage bacterial colonization - ANS-A minimum flow velocity of 1.5 ft/sec through
the feed line is needed to
Dialy with audio and visual alarms - ANS-The correct frequency and method of
monitoring exhaust levels for DI tanks are
1 megohm-cm - ANS-The minimum required resistivity measurement for a DI tank is
Cations and anions - ANS-A mixed-bed deionizer tank contains
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