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Patho Midterm 2024 Questions with verified correct answers
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Patho Midterm 2024D. Sodium - CORRECT ANSWER-When planning care for a dehydrated patient, the
nurse remembers that the principle of water balance is closely related to the balance
of:
A. potassium
B. chloride
C. bicarbonate
D. Sodium
B. liver failure - CORRECT ANSWER-Which of the following patients should the
nurse assess for decreated oncotic pressure in the capillaries?
A. a high-protein diet
B. liver failure
C. low blood pressure
D. low blood glucose
B. increased plasma osmolality - CORRECT ANSWER-A nurse is teaching the staff
about antidiuertic hormone (ADH). Which information should the nurse include?
Secretion of ADH is stimulated by:
A. increased serum potassium
B. increased plasma osmolality
C. decreased renal blood flow
D. generalized edema
A. kidney excretion of H+ - CORRECT ANSWER-For a patient with respiratory
acidosis, chronic compensation by the body will include:
A. Kidney excretion of H+
B. Kidney excretion of HCO3
C. prolonged exhalations to blow off CO2
D. protein bufffering
D. Intravascular fluid - CORRECT ANSWER-A nurse is reviewing lab reports. The
nurse recalls blood plasma is located in which of the following fluid compartments:
A. Intracellular fluid (ICF)
B. Extracellular fluid (ECF)
C. Interstitial fluid
D. Intravascular fluid
,C. lungs - CORRECT ANSWER-A nurse recalls that regulation of acid-base balance
through removal or retention of volatile acids is accomplished by the:
A. buffer systems
B. skin
C. lungs
D. liver
B. acidosis - CORRECT ANSWER-A 19 year old male presents to his primary care
provider reporting restlessness, muscle cramping, and diarrhea. Lab tests reveal that
he is hyperkalemic. Which of the following could have caused his condition:
A. primary hyperaldosteronism
B. acidosis
C. insulin secretion
D. diuretic use
C. A and B - CORRECT ANSWER-When a nurse notices that a patient has type O
blood, the nurses realizes that anti-_____ antibodies are present in the patient's
body.
A. A only
B. B only
C. A and B
D. O
B. HIV is a retrovirus - CORRECT ANSWER-Which of the following is a
characteristic of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) which causes AIDS
A. HIV only infects B cells
B. HIV is a retrovirus
C. Infection does not require a host cell receptor
D. After infection, cell death is immediate
C. serum sickness - CORRECT ANSWER-A nurse recalls that an example of an
immune-complex-mediated disease is:
A. bronchial asthma
B. contact dermatitis
C. serum sickness
D. rheumatoid arthritis
, A. alive, but less infectious - CORRECT ANSWER-A person is given an attenuated
antigen as a vaccine. When the person asks what was given in the vaccine, how
should the nurse respond? The antigen is:
A. alive, but less infectious
B. mutated, but highly infectious
C. normal, but not infectious
D. inactive, but infectious
D. genetic defect - CORRECT ANSWER-The nurse would correctly respond that the
etiology of a congenital immune deficiency is due to a(n):
A. negative response to an immunization
B. adverse response to a medication
C. renal failure
D. genetic defect
B. Rh antigen - CORRECT ANSWER-In addition to matching ABO antigens, a blood
transfusion must also be matched for:
A. HLA type
B. Rh antigen
C. immunoglobulins
D. platelet compatibility
C. alloimmune - CORRECT ANSWER-When the maternal immune system becomes
sensitized against antigens expressed by the fetus, what type of immune reaction
occurs?
A. autoimmune
B. anaphylaxis
C. alloimmune
D. allergic
C. anaphylaxis - CORRECT ANSWER-A 10 year old male is stung by a bee while
playing in the yard. He begins itching and develops pain, swelling, redness, and
respiratory difficulties. He is suffering from:
A. immunodeficiency
B. autoimmunity
C. anaphylaxis
D. tissue-specific hypersensitivity
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