HSC 1100 Final Exam - Questions and Answers (Complete Solutions)

HSC 1100 Final Exam - Questions and Answers (Complete Solutions) Alcohol is removed from the liver at a rate of ________ ounce per hour. one-quarter three-quarters one-half one Alcohol abuse can lead directly to all of the following, EXCEPT heart disease. lung cancer. stroke. brain damage. The smoking rate for adults in the United States has leveled off at approximately _____ percent. A common symptom of nicotine's effect on the brain is heightened alertness. cold and flu symptoms. a feeling of anxiety and depression. decreased dopamine levels in the brain. Smoking is estimated to play a role in ______ percent of all cancer deaths. All of the following factors increase the absorption of alcohol, EXCEPT nicotine. carbonation. alcohol concentration in the drink. anger. Which of the following statements about the metabolizing of alcohol is TRUE? Everyone has the same level of alcohol dehydrogenase in their bodies. Most alcohol is metabolized in the stomach. About 30 percent of alcohol is excreted in the breath, urine, and skin pores. Alcohol that is not immediately metabolized circulates throughout the body. Death can result from alcohol intoxication beginning at a blood alcohol content level of about _________. 0.10 0.45 0.35 0.50 0.20 Travis passed out on the floor after a drinking contest, and now you cannot wake him. The best thing you can do for him is cover him with a warm blanket. call 911. carry him to a bed. roll him onto his side. A practice that has substantially increased compliance with drunk-driving laws is tax increases. raising the legal drinking age. sobriety checkpoints. server liability laws. The average number of attempts required for successful smoking cessation is eleven. sixteen. two. seven. The ultimate goal of nicotine replacement therapy is to reduce the smoker's tobacco consumption. gradually wean the smoker off nicotine dependence. disrupt the pleasurable effects of nicotine on the brain. replace smoking with a non-tobacco nicotine source. You drank far too much last night, and as a result this morning you feel like you have a bad case of the flu. The best way to cope with your hangover is to eat a large meal. take a painkiller and rest until you feel better. engage in activity that increases your heart rate. drink small quantities of alcohol. Alcohol use is a factor in about ________ of suicides in the United States. one-third one-eighth two-thirds three-quarters Your friend was arrested for drunken driving; police said they had smelled alcohol on his breath. How is this possible? The body excretes some alcohol directly into exhaled air. Our breath retains strong non-alcoholic odors from drinks, especially beer. About 25 percent of alcohol is metabolized in the mouth. Traces of alcoholic drinks remain in the tissues lining the mouth. The percentage of people in the United States who do NOT use illicit drugs is 72.5 percent. 54 percent. 23 percent. 91.1 percent. A drug is any substance, natural or artificial, other than food, intended to affect the structure or function of the body through its chemical action. True False Drugs are called pharmaceutical drugs when they are developed to alter consciousness. for medical use. from synthetic chemicals. from opiates. Which of the following routes of drug administration is the fastest way for a drug to reach the brain? by applying a patch to the skin. through the nose. oral ingestion. intravenous injection. Which type of drug has effects similar to the response evoked during the fight-or-flight reaction? depressants. opiates. inhalants. stimulants. Sheena is engaging in drug misuse when she takes the maximum dose of an OTC pain reliever. ingests her little brother's Ritalin. sells illegal drugs to high school students. uses marijuana or cocaine. Most drugs are taken orally. through the nose. by applying a patch to the skin. by injection. The route of administration may have a profound effect on the speed and efficiency with which a drug acts. True False Amphetamines fall under which category of drugs? inhalants. stimulants. opiates. depressants. Dependence on barbiturates and hypnotics is common among middle-aged and older adults who use these sedatives as sleep aids. True False Which of the following is a term used to refer to a substance that causes changes in brain chemistry and alters consciousness, perception, mood, and thought? pharmaceutical drug. substance. psychoactive drug. drug of abuse. When choosing an over-the-counter medication, it is best to choose a medication with a single ingredient targeted at your symptoms rather than a combination of ingredients. True False The FDA does have the power to remove an herbal remedy from the market if it has proven harmful. True False Which of the following statements about the effects of drugs on the brain is FALSE? Drugs that bind to endorphin receptors reduce pain. Parts of the brain involved in rational thought are not affected. Addictive drugs activate the pleasure and reward circuit. Eventually, a drug addict is not able to experience pleasure from anything, not even the drug being abused. Paco has come to depend on heroin to be able to function normally. A few weeks ago, he attempted to cut himself off, but he experienced severe diarrhea. Paco's case illustrates which of the following concepts? psychological dependence. withdrawal syndrome. drug overdose. drug tolerance. Next to motor vehicle accidents, the most common cause of death for children between the ages of 1 and 14 is poisoning. pedestrian-vehicle accidents. falls. drowning. At present, the biggest safety problem for bicycle riders is lack of visibility to motorists. lack of training. the poor quality of most helmets. faulty bicycle design. Batteries should be replaced in battery-powered smoke detectors every 3 to 4 months. 6 to 12 months. 4 to 6 months. 12 to 18 months. The most dangerous natural disasters that occur in the United States include hurricanes. tsunami. cyclones. droughts. Among the most economically developed nations in the world, the United States has the highest rate of violent crimes. robberies. aggravated assaults. murders with firearms. The most common campus crime in the United States is rape. burglary. murder. assault. Studies indicate that a handgun in the home is more likely to kill a family member than a stranger. True False What is the leading cause of unintentional injury death for Americans at all ages? poisoning drowning falls motor vehicle crashes The American Heart Association announced that hands-only CPR with just chest compressions is just as effective as standard CPR with mouth-to-mouth breathing for which of the following emergency situations? drug overdose lack of oxygen from near drowning carbon monoxide poisoning sudden cardiac arrest All-terrain vehicles are known for being especially susceptible to catching on fire. slow-speed tipovers. rollover accidents. collision with pedestrians. The most common symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome are uncontrollable shaking. muscle spasms. cold hands. numbness and pain. Your best response to the natural disasters that occur in your area is to maintain access to heavy equipment and emergency communication systems. take reasonable measures to prepare for them. be able to sell your home on short notice. petition your state and local governments to install disaster prevention systems. One of the main risk factors for becoming a victim of violent crime in the United States is being a member of a minority group. wealthy. middle-aged. successful in school. Which of the following statements is TRUE about elder abuse? Legal determination of elder abuse is set by the federal government in order to prevent states from applying inconsistent standards as to what constitutes elder abuse. The typical abuser is a family member. Research suggests that sons are more likely to be abusive of parents than daughters. It is estimated that 25 percent of people age 65 and older are abused in the United States.