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ACCS Respiratory Exam Rated 100% Correct Answers 2024

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ACCS Respiratory Exam Rated 100% Correct Answers 2024 Normal Urine Output - Answer 40 mL/hr (approx. 1 Liter/day) Decreased CVP (<2 mmHg) - Answer Hypovolemia Increased CVP (>6 mmHg) - Answer Hypervolemia Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) - Answer Eye-opening response Spontaneous opening- 4 To ...

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  • June 19, 2024
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ACCS Respiratory Exam Rated 100% Correct
Answers 2024
Normal Urine Output - Answer 40 mL/hr (approx. 1 Liter/day)

Decreased CVP (<2 mmHg) - Answer Hypovolemia

Increased CVP (>6 mmHg) - Answer Hypervolemia

Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) - Answer Eye-opening response
Spontaneous opening- 4
To verbal stimuli- 3
To pain- 2
None- 1
Most appropriate verbal response
Oriented- 5
Confused- 4
Inappropriate words- 3
Incoherent- 2
None- 1
Most intergrated motor response (arm)
Obeys commands- 6
Localizes pain- 5
Withdraws from pain- 4
Flexion to pain- 3
Extension to pain- 2
None- 1

Orthopnea - Answer ability to breathe only in an upright position (CHF, Heart
problem)

General malaise - Answer Run down feeling, nausea, weakness, fatigue, headache
(electrolyte imbalance)

Dyspnea - Answer Grade 1- occurs after unusual exertion
Grade 2- breathless after going up hills or stairs
Grade 3- while walking at normal speed
Grade 4- slowly walking a short distance
Grade 5- at rest, shaving, dressing, etc.

vasovagal syncope - Answer Common dizziness and fainting, caused by loss of
peripheral venous tone

orthostatic hypotension - Answer Excessive drop in BP when assuming the standing
position

Carotid sinus syncope - Answer Associated with hypertension carotid sinus - more
common in elderly patients

,Cough (tussive) syncope - Answer Transient loss of consciousness following severe
coughing

FUO - Answer fever of unknown origin

heart rate - Answer 60-100 bpm

Respiratory rate - Answer 12-20 breaths per minute

Temperature Norm. - Answer Oral- 97.0-99.5 *F (36.5-37.5 *C)
Rectal- 98.7-100.5 *F (37.1-38.1 *C)
Ear- 98.7-100.5 *F (37.1-38.1*C)

PERRLA - Answer pupils- equal, round, reactive to light and accommodation

Miosis - Answer constricted pupils (pinpoint)

Ptosis - Answer Drooping of the upper eyelid

Diplopia - Answer Blurred or double vision

Nystagmus - Answer involuntary, rapid, rhythmic movement of the eyeball

Peripheral edema - Answer Presence of excess fluid in the tissue.
Caused by CHF, pulmonary hypertension, venous insufficiency and renal failure.
Rated +1,+2,+3,+4; higher numbers indicate more severs swelling.
May be described as "pitting edema"

ascites - Answer abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen, generally caused
by liver failure

Clubbing of fingers - Answer Caused by chronic hypoxemia, suggestive of
pulmonary disease

Eupnea - Answer normal respiratory rate, depth and rhythm

Tachypnea - Answer increased respiratory rate (over 20 breaths per minute)

Bradypnea - Answer decreased respiratory rate (less than 12 per minute) variable
depth and irregular rhythm

Apnea - Answer not breathing

Hyperpnea - Answer increased respiratory rate, increased depth, regular rhythm
(caused by metabolic disorder, CNS disorder)

Cheyne Stokes - Answer gradually increasing then decreasing rate and depth in a
cycle lasting from 30-180 seconds, with periods of apnea lasting up to 60 seconds.

,Biot's - Answer increased respiratory rate and depth with irregular periods of apnea.
Each breath has the same depth.

Kussmaul's - Answer Increased respiratory rate (usually over 20 breaths/min.),
increased depth, irregular rhythm, breathing sounds labored.

Apneustic - Answer prolonged gasping inspiration followed by extremely short,
insufficient expiration.

Macroglossia - Answer Enlarged tongue

Cachectic - Answer Muscle wasting

Normal Pulse - Answer 60-100 bpm

Tachycardia - Answer >100 bpm, indicated hypoxemia, anxiety, stress

Bradycardia - Answer <60 bpm, indicates heart failure, shock, code/emergency

Heart rate change more than 20 bpm - Answer Considered an adverse reaction, stop
therapy, notify nurse/doctor

Pulse varies with respiration - Answer May indicate air trapping (status asthmaticus
or cardiac tamponade)

Tracheal Deviation, Toward - Answer Pulmonary atelectasis
Pulmonary fibrosis
pneumonectomy
Diaphragmatic paralysis

Tracheal Deviation, Away - Answer Massive pleural effusion
Tension pneumothorax
Neck or thyroid tumors
Large mediastinal mass

Coarse Rales (rhonchi) - Answer large airway secretions, patient needs suctioning

Medium Rales - Answer Middle airway secretions, patients needs chest physical
therapy

Fines Rales (moist crepitant rales) - Answer alveoli, fluid, patient has CHF/
pulmonary edema, patient needs IPPB, heart drugs, diuretics and oxygen

Wheeze - Answer bronchospasm, patient needs a bronchodilator, unilareral wheeze
indicative of a foreign body obstruction

Stridor (Monophonic inspiratory sound, crowing) - Answer Supraglottic swelling
Subglottic swelling (post extubation)
Foreign body aspiration (solid or fluid)

, Treatment- topical decongestant (racemic epinephrine) for swelling and edema
Suctioning and/or bronchoscopy for secretions and foreign body aspiration
Intubation for marked/severe stridor

Heart Sounds: First Sound (S1) - Answer is created by normal closure of the mitral
valve and tricuspid valves at the beginning of ventricular contraction

Heart Sounds: Second Sound (S2) - Answer is normal and occurs when systole
ends, the ventricles relax and the pulmonic and aortic valves close.

Heart Sounds: Third Sound (S3) - Answer in an adult, the presence of an S3 sound,
is abnormal and may suggest CHF

Heart Sounds: Fourth Sound (S4) - Answer the presence of a fourth sound, S4, is
indicative of a cardiac abnormality such as myocardial infarction of cardiomegaly

Adult Blood Pressure Normal - Answer 120/80 mmHg
Acceptable: 90/60 - 140/90

Increased Blood Pressure (Hypertension) - Answer indicates cardiac stress,
hypoxemia

Decreased Blood Pressure (Hypotension) - Answer indicates poor perfusion,
hypovolemia, CHF

Work of Breathing Calculation (WOB) - Answer Change in pressure X change in
volume

Normal WOB - Answer 0.5 - 0.7 J/L (0.05 - 0.07 kg-m/L)
Cannot be measured during mechanical ventilation

Respiratory muscle weakness - when inspiratory muscles tire, VT decreases and RR
increases

Normal PaCO2 - Answer 40 torr

Normal PetCO2 - Answer 34-36 torr
3-5%

Normally 4-6 mmHg lower than PaCO2

Normal ETCO2 percent - Answer 3-5 %

Increase PECO2 or PETCO2% - Answer indicates decreased ventilation (ventilatory
failure)

Decrease PECO2 or PETCO2% - Answer indicates increase in ventilation or
decreased perfusion (deadspace disease: pulmonary embolism, hypovolemia)

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