Principles of Communicative Language
Teaching and Task-Based Instruction
actional competence - correct answer-abilty to match linguistic form with the speaker's intent
(surrounds communicative competence)
authentic materials - correct answer-texts, photographs, videos, and resources that were not
specifically prepared for learning
challenges of CLT - correct answer-choice of content, context, specific skill area, particular
learning tasks that determine a curriculum
challenges of TBI - correct answer-engaging students in variety of tasks necessary to
promote acquisition; students have many pedagogical needs which often necessitate a
different approach to teaching; task choice, task difficulty and sequencing; task designs
require careful adaptations
Chomsky's arguments against the Audiolingual Method - correct answer-language learning
involves creative processes; language as rule-governed creativity; innate basic rule system
(Universal Grammar); exposure to language children naturally learn through discoveral
determined by internal processes, not external influences
CLT - correct answer-Communicative language teaching methodologies (eclectic); an
approach to language teaching; reflects a certain model or research paradigm, or a theory;
based on the theory that the primary function of language use is communication; primary
goal for learners to develop communicative competence/ability; make use of real-life
situations that necessitate communication; macro-strategies or methodological principles
code switching - correct answer-a vital communication strategy wherein learners use a word
in their L1 when they do not know it in the TL
communicative competence - correct answer-the ability to interpret and enact appropriate
social behaviors; requires active involvement of the learner in the production of TL (Canale &
Swain; Celce-Murcia; Hymes)
cooperative or collaborative learning - correct answer-strong facilitator of learning;
classrooms organized into small teams to collaborate on language learning tasks
criticism of the Direct Method - correct answer-strict requirements of principles; need for
native or near-native fluency speakers
design features of tasks - correct answer-focus on meaning; real-world tasks v authentic task
behavior; achieving a goal; developing a product; single skill or combo of skills
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