homeostasis - ANS-homeostasis->feedback->target set point->+/- feedback
negative feedback - ANS-stabilize around set point
positive feedback - ANS-goes away from set point ex milk production
Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal axis - ANS-CRH (Corticotropin-releasing hormone)
released from hypothalamus, ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic hormone) released from
anterior pituitary, cortisol from adrenal cortex
sympathetic nervous system - ANS-fight or flight
Cortisol - ANS-released from adrenal glands, inhibits CRH and ACTH via negative
feedback
overactive HPA - ANS-too much cortisol, cushing's syndrome, blood or urine test for
which part of HPA axis the issue lies
Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Thyroid axis HPT - ANS-Hypothalamus releases
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), Pituitary releases Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
(TSH), Thyroid releases T3 and T4 for
, What does the HPT axis control? - ANS-metabolism, development, and growth
Hyper and Hypo thyroidism - ANS-too much or too little thyroid hormone, caused by
genetics, tumor/thyroid size, tumor on hypothalamus or pituitary, can be medicated and
monitored or thyroid removed surgically
Acromegaly/gigantism - ANS-HPL axis, targets bone and muscle, metabolism and cell
proliferation
Which axis is heavily involved in milk production - ANS-HPL - GH itself can increase
milk production
Lactation - ANS-oxytocin (stimulated milk release for suckling - milk flow) and prolactin
(enlarge mammary glands during pregnancy) plus other hormones (insulin, cortisol,
thyroid, etc), positive feedback - increase suckling increase oxytocin increase milk
release
Which are the only hormones secreted from posterior pituitary? - ANS-oxytocin and
vasopressin
Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Gonad axis HPG - ANS-H releases GnRH
(Gonadotropin-releasing hormone), P releases FSH and LH (follicle stimulating
hormone and Luteinizing hormone), gonads release estrogen and testosterone
name the 4 axes - ANS-HPG, HPA, HPT, HPL
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