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IGCSE History (0470)
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IGCSE History (0470)Members of the Triple Alliance - correct answer-Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy
Members of the Triple Entente - correct answer-Great Britain, France, Russia
Secret agreement made between the members of the Triple Alliance - correct answer-Each
member of the alliance would support any other member if it was attacked
Why was France worried about the Germans? - correct answer-After France's defeat to
Germany in 1870, it was worried that Germany would invade again.
Problems with the Alliance systems - correct answer-Europeans at the time thought that an
Alliance System would deter nations to start invasions and wars and reduce tension between
the Great Powers. Many politicians called this "Balance of Powers" and believed that the
size and power of the two Alliances would prevent the other side from starting a war.
What was the Anglo-German naval rivalry? - correct answer-The Anglo German naval race
developed with the German's building up their naval strength with the Dreadnought program.
Their naval expansion made Britain uneasy (They wanted to remain with the strongest
navy). The British built a 'Super Dreadnought' in response. In 1914, the British had 19
Dreadnoughts whereas Germany only had 13. Tensions continued to grow and their
governments used media to persuade their people to convince them to raise taxation in
order to finance the massive arms race.
What did President Wilson want? - correct answer-He did not want to be too harsh on
Germany—he wanted Germany to have a chance to recover and not seek revenge. He felt
that if Germany was punished harshly it would give extremist groups such as Communists a
chance to seize power (like Russia in 1917). Strengthen democracy in defeated countries so
that another war can be prevented. Self-determination to smaller countries that were part of
European empires—so they can rule themselves. International Cooperation in the form of
the League of Nations—he believed that this is key to achieve world peace
What did George Clemenceau want? - correct answer-Clemenceau wanted to punish
Germany so harshly that Germany would be crippled and never to be a threat to France
again. He did not like Wilson's 14 Points. France was deeply affected by the First World War
and the people in France wanted to cripple Germany as well—Clemenceau had to present
these ideas to Wilson and George
How was the Treaty of Versailles fair? - correct answer-a) How was Germany punished by
the Treaty of Versailles?
i) War guilt clause: Germany was to accept the full blame for starting the war in 1914.
ii) Reparations up to 6,600 million pounds. Germany wouldn't have finished paying for this
until 1984 if not for the Young Plan
iii) Germany's territories taken away (e.g. Alsace-Lorraine, Saarland run by the League of
Nations, Rhineland demilitarized, West Prussia and Posen and Upper Silesia to Poland, etc.)
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